encourage flexible thinking and social competence. 3. In interactive and collaborative instructional contexts‚ individuals have an opportunity for perspective taking and replective thinking that may lead to higher levels of cognitive‚ social and moral development‚ as well as self-esteem. Quality personal relationships that provide stability‚ trust‚ and caring can increase the learner’s sense of belonging‚ self-respect and self-acceptance‚ and provide a positive climate for learning. 4. Family influences
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KINESTHETIC LEARNING: What is Kinesthetic Learning? Kids learn best kinesthetically- by moving and touching materials that teach them. Children have an innate‚ enthusiastic love of learning. Learning takes place when the child is in an absolutely positive state of mind. Kinesthetic learning focuses on whole body and whole brain learning. All children start out as kinesthetic learners. Reading can be learned kinesthetically age 3-8‚ in early childhood. How? We move!- kids ages 3-8 do what
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Chapter 11 Questions: Theories of Cognitive Development 1. What does it mean that we need to hybridize in terms of understanding cognitive development? Taking into consideration the growing magnitude of insights from cognitive neuroscience‚ the future of cognitive developmental hypothesizing seems likely to follow a ‘hybrid route’. Respectively‚ current theories of cognitive development need to recognize the significance of knowledge construction‚ emphasized by Piaget‚ along with the social world
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theory of Social Development which aims at social interaction which plays a fundamental role in the process of cognitive development of young children in construct to Jean Piaget understanding of child’s development in which development necessary precedes learning. Vygotskian framework based on four principles underlying his framework which can be summarized as children can construct knowledge‚ development cannot be separated from its social context‚ learning can lead development and language plays
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the work of psychologists Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and Jean Piaget (1896-1980). “Piaget’s theories in child development‚ cognition and intelligence worked as a framework to inspire the development of the constructivist approach to learning.”(http://www.ehow.com/info_8541570_differences-vygotsky-piaget-teaching.html). Piaget believed that children go through four stages of development: (1) the Sensori- Motor‚ (from birth to 2 years)‚ (2) the Pre-operational (age 2-7)‚ (3) the Concrete Operational
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Set 1: 9 months-ATTACHMENT Attachment is defined as the positive emotional bond that develops between a child and a particular individual. Of the four major patterns of attachment (secure‚ avoidant‚ ambivalent and disorganized-disoriented)‚ I would consider Blair securely attached. Like other children who have a secure attachment pattern‚ Blair uses me‚ her mother‚ as a type of home base (Feldman‚ 2012). At 8 months Blair is cautious and shy in new situations. She has a typical fear of strangers
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Vygotsky’s Theory of Learning Vygotsky’s main concern is that social interaction and social context‚ a world full of other people‚ who interact with the child from birth onwards‚ are essential in the cognitive development. He states that "Every function in the child’s cultural development appears twice: first‚ on the social level‚ and later‚ on the individual level; first‚ between people (interpsychological) and then inside the child (intrapsychological). This applies equally to voluntary attention
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active and constructive beings‚ but unlike Piaget‚ he thought that children’s cognitive development was a socially facilitated process. He had a theory that children acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community’s culture through cooperative dialogues with more knowledgeable members {adults‚ teachers‚ peers}—in other words‚ he presumed that children’s mental‚ language‚ and social development is supported and enhanced through social collaboration with others. His theory is better
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different things. Additional CD Terms 1. A key concept when understanding a child’s development is zone of proximal development (ZPD). ZPD is defined as‚ “the gap between what children can accomplish independently and what they can accomplish when they are interacting with others who are more competent” (Lightfoot‚ Cole‚ & Cole‚ 2009‚ p.23). In class the teacher is using the concept of zone of proximal development to aid children in learning words. The teacher has already taught the class how to
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3. Literature Review Within the last decade in particular‚ there have been many reports which identify the need to improve questioning which takes place within the classroom and the importance of using them to stretch and challenge learners. “Questions play an important role in the processes of teaching and learning because children’s achievement‚ and their level of engagement‚ depend on the types of questions teachers formulate and use in a classroom”. (Kerry‚ 2002). Effective questioning
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