ELECTRONEGATIVITY This page explains what electronegativity is‚ and how and why it varies around the Periodic Table. It looks at the way that electronegativity differences affect bond type and explains what is meant by polar bonds and polar molecules. If you are interested in electronegativity in an organic chemistry context‚ you will find a link at the bottom of this page. What is electronegativity Definition Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair
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Determine the cation and anion in an unknown solution All salt solutions have both positive (Cations) and negative (Anions) ions dissolved in it. In this experiment you will observe chemical reactions to determine the presence of specific anions and cations. Compare your observations with the reactions of the known solutions and the unknown solution to determine the ions present in the unknown solution. You will use a flame test for the cations‚ Na+‚ K+‚ and Ca+2 Perform qualitative tests for
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the urine and neutralizes the acid compounds of the body such as phosphates‚ urea and ammonia. It is‚ therefore‚ highly beneficial in the treatment of acidosis and other diseases associated with too much acid in the system. The presence of oxalate ions and oxalic acid content in tomatoes is also a cause of kidney stones. Several researches have proven that the
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The amount of sodium chloride excreted in the urine is about 10 to 15g each day. As you might expect‚ the exact amount of these ions in the urine varies with the amount in the diet. The ammonium ion (NH4+) is produced by the deamination of amino acids in the kidney. Ammonia is an important compound in the regulation of pH because it accepts a proton to form the ammonium ion‚ which can then be excreted in the urine. This process gives our bodies a way to remove protons from the blood. High levels of
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Microscopes were invented in the 1600s. Robert Hooke first looked at a thin slice of cork in 1665; he saw "a lot of little boxes." These little boxes first reminded of the little rooms monks lived in‚ so he called them cells. Hooke observed the same pattern in the stems and roots of carrots and other plants. What Hooke still did not know‚ however‚ was that cells are the basic units of living things. Ten years later‚ the Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek focused a microscope on what seemed to
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LESSON PLAN FOR III-PEARL (CHEMISTRY) FORMULA WRITING AND NAMING OF COMPOUNDS OBJECTIVES: (1) Classify ions according to their composition‚ charge‚ and oxidation number (2) Define chemical formula (3) Explain the importance of representing ions‚ elements and compounds using chemical formulas (4) Write and name chemical formulas of compounds using the Stock System and Classical System MATERIALS: power point presentation videos flashcards textbook
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Salts 1. Salts A salt is an ionic compound. The anion part comes from the acid while the cation part comes from a base. Example: KCl‚ KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) KCl(aq) + H2O(l) A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen ion. H+ from an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion‚ NH4+. Salts Nitrate salts Carbonate salts Chloride salts Soluble All nitrate salts Potassium carbonate‚ K2CO3 Ammonium carbonate‚ (NH4)2CO3 Sodium carbonate‚ Na2CO3 All chloride salts Except Sulphate salts All sulphate
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Metals and Non-metals Elements are divided mainly into two groups on the basis of physical and chemical properties – Metal and Non-metal. Metals: Part - I Physical Properties of Metals:- Hardness:- Most of the metals are hard‚ except alkali metals‚ such as sodium‚ potassium‚ lithium‚ etc. Sodium‚ potassium‚ lithium etc. are very soft metals‚ these can be cut using knife. Strength:- Most of the metals are strong and have high tensile strength. Because of this big structures are made using metals
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CHM130 Lab 7 Determining the Formula of a Compound A. Data Table (show completed data table here) (12 points) |Measurements |Mass (in grams) | |Mass of empty 100 mL beaker |55.45 g | |Mass of zinc metal
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displaces the halogen atom bonded to the central carbon of the molecule. The displaced halogen atom becomes a halide ion. | | | | Some typical nucleophiles are the hydroxy group (−OH)‚ the alkoxy group (RO−)‚ and the cyanide ion (−C N). Reaction of these nucleophiles with an alkyl halide (R—X) gives the following reactions and products: | | | | The halogen ion that is displaced from the carbon atom is called the leaving group‚ and the overall reaction is called a nucleophilic
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