AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PAKISTAN When Pakistan was formed in 1947 most of the work had to be started from scratch. Most of the land was agricultural land and it had a very few industries. Most of the land was occupied by landlords. There were few semi-handcraft industries. While heavy industry was almost extinct. When sub-continent divided‚ the country industry and trade were largely under the influence of Hindus‚ who at the time of division migrated towards Indian territory
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Third democratic era (1988–1999) Main articles: Benazir Bhutto‚ Nawaz Sharif‚ Indo-Pakistani War of 1999‚ Chagai-I‚ Chagai-II‚ Atlantique Incident‚ and Civil war in Afghanistan (1996–2001) From 1988 to 1999‚ Pakistan through constitutional amendments was reverted back to Parliamentary democracy system‚ and Pakistan was ruled by elected civilian governments‚ alternately headed by Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif‚ who were each elected twice and removed from office on charges of corruption. During
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Religious extremism in Pakistan Religious extremism tends to a state of mind of a person about his religion in which he has such firm belief on his concepts such that any negotiation from it is unbearable for him. He becomes aggressive towards the society. As not only he considers himself to follow the religion strictly in his way but wants the society to do so. If unfortunately someone refuses his thoughts‚ he can go to any limit to make that person acting upon his ideology. He can even commit
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History of Privatization in Pakistan “Privatization is the act of reducing the role of government or incoming the role of private sector‚ in an activity or in the ownership of assets.” The policy of privatization has been used for improving the efficiency and profitability of improving enterprises‚ which are not performing well. The privatization of government owned enterprises is now a days a large-sale process for the transfer of state owned enterprises to the private sector. Privatization use
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India (UC Press) Nine Hours to Ra?na Morky and India‚ 7906-1910 (UC Press) An Error of Judgment Roots of Confrontation in South Asia: Afghanistan‚ Pakistan‚ India and the Superpowers Jinnah of Pakistan: A Life Massacre atjalliamvala Bagh Zulfi Bhutto of Pakistan: His Life and Times An Introduction to India Nehru: A Tryst with Destiny Gandhi’s Passion: The Life and Legacy ofMahatma Gandhi Encyclopedia of India (editor) Shameful Flight: The Last Years of the British Empire in India A New History
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existence in their own province. Though there are many reasons for the Sindhi ethno nationalist movements‚ the Sindhi clash with the Mohajirs was one of the main causes for activity during the 1970s. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto came into power in 1971. Due to extreme pressure from the Sindhi people (Bhutto who himself was Sindhi) he adopted a very pro Sindhi style for the initial period of his rule. One major political impact of the Sindhi ethno-nationalist movement was the introduction of quota system in Sindh
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w w w e tr .X m eP e ap UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level .c rs om 2059/01 May/June 2012 PAKISTAN STUDIES Paper 1 History and Culture of Pakistan Additional Materials: * 1 3 8 3 7 5 8 8 7 7 * 1 hour 30 minutes Answer Booklet/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet‚ follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number‚ candidate number and name on all
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Pakistan. It was like putting all the eggs in one basket"‚ he said while noting that several industrialists particularly those from Karachi had resorted to flight of capital‚ ahead of Bhutto’s nationalization and were able to comfortably live out the Bhutto era in Europe or United States on business ventures set up there. Karachi based business communities of Memons‚ Khojas and Bhoras had led the first wave of industrial development in Pakistan but it were they who suffered most in the seperation
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People’s Republic of China–Pakistan relations began in 1950 when Pakistan was among the first countries to break relations with the Republic of China on Taiwan and recognise the PRC. Following the 1962 Sino-Indian War‚ Pakistan’s relations with the PRC became stronger; since then‚ the two countries have regularly exchanged high-level visits resulting in a variety of agreements. The PRC has provided economic‚ military and technical assistance to Pakistan. Bilateral relations have evolved from an
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