Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission State Examinations Commission Leaving Certificate 2012 Certificate 2012 Marking Scheme Scheme Biology Design and Communication Graphics Higher Level Introduction The marking scheme is a guide to awarding marks to candidates‟ answers. It is a concise and summarised guide and is constructed in a way to minimise its word content. Examiners must conform to this scheme and may not allow marks for answering outside
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described the definition in On the Origin of Species. What is different about this and the modern view is that instead of a geographic barrier situation (allopatry)‚ there’s several other different types like reproductive barriers: both pre- and post-zygote‚ parapatric speciation‚ peripatric‚ and sympatric. The last three are reproductive barriers in their own right after the diverged species and the parent species re-meet. So‚ while Darwin got the geographic barrier part right‚ he missed another part:
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barriers impede mating between species or hinder the fertilization of ova if members of different species attempt to mate. If a sperm cell from one species does fertilize an ovum of another species‚ then postzygotic barriers usually prevent the hybrid zygote from developing into a viable‚ fertile adult. 27. Discuss several prezygotic and post zygotic isolating mechanisms. Prezygotic Barriers Habitat Isolation. Two species that live in different habitats within the same area may encounter each other
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http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/controversies-in-treatment-approaches-gene-therapy-ivf-792 Historically‚ advances in science are typically made before society can conduct meaningful ethical and moral discussions about these advances. However‚ such discussions are crucial to setting policies that balance individual and public protections with the use of technology in medicine. The in vitro fertilization (IVF) "miracle" of the late 1970s occurred five years before the polymerase chain reaction
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movies. We are going to see how these movies relate to the core principles of psychology. In Chapter four‚ we see how psychology starts all the way from the beginning of our lives. It shows how we as organisms change over time. We go from being a zygote to an embryo and then to a fetus. Then we go into behavior performance since we are born until we die. We start with little things like responding to sounds‚ recognizing our moms‚ moving from side to side‚ walking‚ talking‚ playing‚ and so forth.
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Life is a game. The Game of Life is not the same as a game of chess as chess is played in the conventional way.. Life is full of surprises. Starting point is the birth and ends with death. Life is a complex case of cellular automaton starting as a zygote- a unified product of the sperm and the ovum ending up with some trillion cells which are biologically active. Life has to be lived forwards and can only be understood looking back wards - what are called as experiences. What one
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mechanism that determines sex at fertilization. There are two chromosomes‚ X and Y. The XY sex chromosomes are different in shape and size from each other. Each gamete has one sex chromosome‚ so when sperm cell and ovum unite at fertilization‚ the zygote receives one of two possible combinations: XX or XY. Males are the heterogametic sex (XY). Half the sperm cells contain an X chromosome‚ while the other half contains a Y chromosome. And females are the homogametic sex (XX) that is all ova carry an
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Interesting Facts-Annelida • The most recognized image of • feeding arms‚ and mouth of a jellyfish. • There are only about 200 species of Vocabulary- Cnidaria • Aboral end: The opposite side of the oral end. • Anthozoa: The class of the Coelenterata which includes the corals and sea anemones. • Cnidocytes: unique cells that function in defense and the capture of prey. • Cubozoa: Any of Cnidaria Animals in FIGURES- Cnidaria
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Chapter Learning Objectives Chapter 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants Concept 30.1: Seeds and pollen grains are key adaptations for life on land • Name five terrestrial adaptations that contributed to the success of seed plants. 1) Seed 2) Reduction of gametophyte generation (dominant is sporophyte) -tiny gametophytes can develop in sporangia of the parental sporophytes which protect them from UV and from drying out 3) Heterospory (mega and micro) -mega- female‚ part
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Animal Reproductive System T HE reproductive system is the only system in animals that is different between genders. Breeders and others in the animal industry need a thorough understanding of the female and male reproductive tracts. Objective: Explain the functions of the female reproductive tract and the male reproductive tract. Key Terms: accessory glands cervix clitoris Cowper’s gland ejaculation fallopian tubes infundibulum ovary oviducts penis prostate gland scrotum testicle
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