likely to eventually get leukemia and Alzheimer’s. duplication- This occurs when part of a chromosome is removed from one chromosome and migrates to another chromosome. fertilization- This occurs when a sperm combines with an egg to produce a zygote. gamete- This are the egg and sperm. They are haploid (in humans they only contain 23 chromosomes‚ while the body cells have 46 chromosomes). genetic recombination- This is when chromosomes differ from the beginning parental/maternal chromosomes
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Chapter 12 1. P. J. van Beneden proposed that an egg and a sperm‚ each containing half the complement of chromosomes found in somatic cells‚ fuse to produce a single cell called a _______. 2. _______ is a process of nuclear division in which the number of chromosomes in certain cells is halved during gamete formation. 3. ______ cells such as gametes contain one set of chromosomes. 4. Organisms that undertake sexual reproduction alternate between ______ and fertilization. 5. The two
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Female gametes are egg cells and male gametes are sperm cells. 2. When the sperm cell fuses with and fertilizes an egg cell‚ a zygote or fertilized egg forms. B. There are two divisions of meiosis known as meiosis I and meiosis II that occur‚ and each division has four stages: prophase‚ metaphase‚ anaphase‚ and telophase. II. I will now discuss the four stages of meiosis I. A. During
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Oogenensis Spermatogenesis Ovum (Haploid) Sperm (Haploid) This process is called fertilization Zygote (Dipliod) Sex cell produced in GONADES. Ovum: From the beginning of week-1 to the end of week-2 of gestation. Embryology: From the beginning of week-3 to the end of week-8 of gestation. Fetus: From the beginning of month-3 to the end
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ultimately gives rise to (one ovum‚ four ova) with the (haploid‚ diploid) number of chromosomes. 8. A spermatazoan is a (gamete‚ zygote)‚ and is (haploid‚ diploid). 9. An ovum is a (gamete‚ zygote)‚ and is (haploid‚ diploid). 10. When a spermatozoan and an ovum merge‚ they undergo the process of __fertilization____‚ and give rise to a (gamete‚ zygote)‚ which is (haploid‚ diploid). Questions 11-16. A hypothetical organism has 10 chromosomes for each of its body cells. 11.)
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Mitosis & Meiosis/ Human Development The Cell Cycle Stages of the Cell Cycle: G1 – cell growth S – DNA replication and continued cell growth G2 – Final preparations for division and continued cell growth M – Mitosis or cellular replication Some Important Terms for Replication: Chromosome – rod-shaped body in the nucleus that is only visible during replication that contains DNA and is our hereditary unit. Nucleolus – organelle inside the nucleus composed of RNA for ribosome formation.
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conceiving. If it does not aid a couple in conceiving‚ IVF can also be used to aid individuals who wish to have children through means of a donor. IVF is an assistive reproductive technology (ART) that joins two gametes‚ a sperm and an egg‚ to form a zygote. After the woman has undergone hormonal therapy (superovulation)‚ which works to stimulate the follicles‚ the mature eggs are retrieved. The sperm is provided by the donor/partner and fertilized in one of two ways: a dish or intracytoplasmic sperm
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Biology‚ 7e (Campbell) Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Chapter Questions 1) What is a genome? A) the complete complement of an organism’s genes B) a specific sequence of polypeptides within each cell C) a specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers D) a specific segment of DNA that is found within a prokaryotic chromosome E) an ordered display of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest Topic: Concept 13.1 Skill: Knowledge 2) Which of the following
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(referring to the fact that each kind of chromosome is represented twice). In higher organisms when an egg is fertilized the egg and sperm fuse to form a single cell called a zygote which develops into a new organism. If the egg and sperm were both diploid (46 chromosomes each in the case of humans) then the resulting zygote would be tetraploid. This would be an intolerable situation‚ so a mechanism has evolved to insure that each gamete (egg or sperm) contains only one representative of each homologous
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ABSTRACT Stem cells have offered much hope by promising to greatly extend the numbers and range of patients who could benefit from transplants‚ and to provide cell replacement therapy to treat debilitating diseases such as diabetes‚ Parkinson ’s and Huntington ’s disease. The issue of stem cell research is politically charged‚ prompting biologists to begin engaging in ethical debates‚ Stem cell research offers great promise for understanding basic mechanisms of human development and differentiation
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