19th Century Final Study Guide
NINETEENTH CENTURY FINAL STUDY GUIDE 1
DOMINIQUE BUCHANAN
Kirkpatrick Sale, “The First Industrial Revolution”
Know how interactions between people changed during the Industrial Revolution. Know what was meant by the “moral economy.”
Before the Industrial Revolution time was not thought of as a concept, many homes were self sufficient and people rewarded themselves with leisure time (“St. Monday,” holidays, etc.)
People worked in crafts that they could take pride in. Villages worked as communities, people were honest and fair in the workplace and in the market, and neighbors often helped others neighbors out of the goodness of their hearts.
This was the basis of the moral economy: honesty and fairness in the workplace and market and an abomination of anything that would upset or alter that custom, including innovations and technologies imposed from without. (Father of Richard Oastler closed his prosperous cloth business in Yorkshire instead of using machinery in honor of a moral economy). There was no competition. However, the Industrial Revolution brought with it many problems. The Enclosure Acts sent many people out of work and into poverty. Many moved to the cities and were forced into working in the factories (no one WANTED to work there, but they had no choice → False
Choice). Time now equalled money, so employers strove to pay the minimum amount possible.
They often employed women and children, because they could be payed less than grown men.
People were living on wages below subsistence. There was no more leisure time and there was less interaction between people. Cities were not set up like villages and there was no community amongst the workers, who worked long days (sometimes up to 18 hours) only to go home cold and starving. The conditions they worked in were extremely dangerous and hazardous to their health (cotton dust, dangerous machines, deafening). However,
DOMINIQUE BUCHANAN
Kirkpatrick Sale, “The First Industrial Revolution”
Know how interactions between people changed during the Industrial Revolution. Know what was meant by the “moral economy.”
Before the Industrial Revolution time was not thought of as a concept, many homes were self sufficient and people rewarded themselves with leisure time (“St. Monday,” holidays, etc.)
People worked in crafts that they could take pride in. Villages worked as communities, people were honest and fair in the workplace and in the market, and neighbors often helped others neighbors out of the goodness of their hearts.
This was the basis of the moral economy: honesty and fairness in the workplace and market and an abomination of anything that would upset or alter that custom, including innovations and technologies imposed from without. (Father of Richard Oastler closed his prosperous cloth business in Yorkshire instead of using machinery in honor of a moral economy). There was no competition. However, the Industrial Revolution brought with it many problems. The Enclosure Acts sent many people out of work and into poverty. Many moved to the cities and were forced into working in the factories (no one WANTED to work there, but they had no choice → False
Choice). Time now equalled money, so employers strove to pay the minimum amount possible.
They often employed women and children, because they could be payed less than grown men.
People were living on wages below subsistence. There was no more leisure time and there was less interaction between people. Cities were not set up like villages and there was no community amongst the workers, who worked long days (sometimes up to 18 hours) only to go home cold and starving. The conditions they worked in were extremely dangerous and hazardous to their health (cotton dust, dangerous machines, deafening). However,