4g Presentation
Introduction to OLED Displays Design Guide for Active Matrix OLED (AMOLED) Displays last updated 22 May 2008
www.4dsystems.com.au
Introduction
• Active Matrix OLED (AMOLED) is a new display technology that is rapidly becoming viable for many applications. • It has some undoubted benefits over competing technologies. • 4D holds no responsibility or liability for the accurateness of the information and how it is applied to any design.
www.4dsystems.com.au
What is an OLED?
• OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) is a self lightemitting technology composed of a thin, multi-layered organic film placed between an anode and cathode. In contrast to LCD/TFT technology, OLED does not require a backlight.
How does an OLED emit light?
• OLED’s basic structure consists of organic materials positioned between the cathode and the anode, which is composed of electric conductive transparent Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). The organic materials compose a multi-layered thin film, which includes the Hole Transporting Layer (HTL), Emission Layer (EML) and the Electron Transporting Layer (ETL). By applying the appropriate electric voltage, holes and electrons are injected into the EML from the anode and the cathode, respectively. The holes and electrons combine inside the EML to form excitons, after which electroluminescence occurs. The transfer material, emission layer material and choice of electrode are the key factors that determine the quality of OLED components.
www.4dsystems.com.au
Comparison between OLED and TFT Display
Figure 1 - AMOLED
Figure 2 – TFT Display
AMOLED has less complexity so is much thinner
www.4dsystems.com.au
Active vs Passive Matrix
• 4D Systems offers both the Active Matrix and the Passive Matrix OLED modules. • Passive Matrix is low cost but can only be manufactured economically in colour to a size of 1.69” (160x128pixels). Standard industry sizes for colour PMOLED is 0.95” (96x64) and 1.5” (128x128). Most of the new
www.4dsystems.com.au
Introduction
• Active Matrix OLED (AMOLED) is a new display technology that is rapidly becoming viable for many applications. • It has some undoubted benefits over competing technologies. • 4D holds no responsibility or liability for the accurateness of the information and how it is applied to any design.
www.4dsystems.com.au
What is an OLED?
• OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) is a self lightemitting technology composed of a thin, multi-layered organic film placed between an anode and cathode. In contrast to LCD/TFT technology, OLED does not require a backlight.
How does an OLED emit light?
• OLED’s basic structure consists of organic materials positioned between the cathode and the anode, which is composed of electric conductive transparent Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). The organic materials compose a multi-layered thin film, which includes the Hole Transporting Layer (HTL), Emission Layer (EML) and the Electron Transporting Layer (ETL). By applying the appropriate electric voltage, holes and electrons are injected into the EML from the anode and the cathode, respectively. The holes and electrons combine inside the EML to form excitons, after which electroluminescence occurs. The transfer material, emission layer material and choice of electrode are the key factors that determine the quality of OLED components.
www.4dsystems.com.au
Comparison between OLED and TFT Display
Figure 1 - AMOLED
Figure 2 – TFT Display
AMOLED has less complexity so is much thinner
www.4dsystems.com.au
Active vs Passive Matrix
• 4D Systems offers both the Active Matrix and the Passive Matrix OLED modules. • Passive Matrix is low cost but can only be manufactured economically in colour to a size of 1.69” (160x128pixels). Standard industry sizes for colour PMOLED is 0.95” (96x64) and 1.5” (128x128). Most of the new