1) On the summit of Fajada Butte in New Mexico, 2 spiral carvings were found behind 3 stone slabs…
Like tiny Lilliputians scurrying around Gulliver, researchers in submersibles have been probing and measuring Loihi since 1987. The growing seamount is offering scientists new insights into the evolution of volcanoes, the evolution of life and perhaps even the evolution of the Earth itself. Research on the nature of Loihi has already revised ideas about the workings of the planet's largest known hot spot. Recent…
• Colossal Head, San Lorenzo / Mexico: Olmec culture / c. 1200900 BCE / Basalt…
– believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic toPacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in therace to Asian wealth…
In the revised manuscript, we concentrated on the lowest latitude station (SJG) in line 354-355 as:…
Undara Lava tubes consist of a lava field remaining from a massive volcanic eruption of Mt Undara which occurred 190,000 years ago. During the Cenozoic, there was wide spread igneous activity in Eastern Australia. Volcanism commenced in the late Cretaceous (approximately 70 Ma) and continued through the Cenozoic. The cenozoic is the current geological era. It began 66 million years ago and continues today. About 23.3 km³ of lava flowed from the Mt Undara volcano at an estimated rate of 1000 m³ a second. This lava flowed about over 160km to the north west and 90km to the north. The tubes were formed when these rivers of lava crusted over on the outside forming an insulated tube for the rest of the lava to flow along. Eventually the liquid lava…
(2012). Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards. In Essentials of Geology (11th ed., p. 104, 105). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.…
Weaver, Muriel Porter (1993). The Aztecs, Maya, and Their Predecessors: Archaeology of Mesoamerica (3rd edition ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-739065-0. OCLC 25832740.…
The cave of Juxtlahuaca lies east of the capital of Guerrero, Chilpancingo. Carlo Gay and Gillett Griffon, Princeton art…
Fig. 2: The Sun Stone (or The Calendar Stone). (1502-20), 358 cm diameter x 98 cm depth. National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City, Mexico.…
The Amazon basin in South America, vegetated by tropical rainforest, lies within the equatorial climate zone and covers an area of some 8,235,430 km 2 mainly in Brazil. The Amazon River flows through the basin from its source high in the Andes towards its mouth in the Atlantic Ocean, and is the largest single source of freshwater runoff on Earth, representing 15-20% of global river discharge. At present the amazon rainforest acts as a carbon sink. It absorbs around 35% of the world’s annual carbon dioxide emissions and produces more than 20% of the world’s oxygen. It contains the greatest biodiversity on Earth, providing a habitat for more than half the worlds estimated 10 million species of plants animals and insects.…
The most recent eruptive period was in the 1980’s. Due to USGS (United States Geological Survey) geologists observations of a large bulge measuring 140m on the north face of the volcano. Using modern laser and radar technology they were able to track the movements of this bulge in order to predict when the volcano was in danger of erupting from a an observation tower 6 miles away. With this data collected the authorities were convinced to shut off the volcano to the local populations who make use of the volcano’s fertile soil for a large logging business and many recreational users who walk dogs or come to enjoy the views. As will be shown later, the shutting of the volcano saved many local thousands of tourists, workers and locals lives alone.…
Archaeological data suggests that the date 2200 B.C can divide the occurrence of square ended seals from rectangular ones. Assumedly, any sampled sites with the presence of square ended seals existed prior to 2200 B.C, while the rest of the sampled sites with rectangular seals existed after this particular date. Consequently, we may indicate sites dated prior to or up to 2200 B.C, and sites “B”, “D”, Garam Masala (GM), and Phul-Ghobi Lower (PGL) fits the equation since all of these sampled sites had square seals. On the other hand, rectangular seals were only found in four sites of “B”, “C”, “E”, Tiltandula (T), and Phul-Ghobi Upper (PGU). In particular, site “B” has both of the square and rectangular seals each that may suggests that the site existed prior to 2200 B.C and have the possibility to continue for some time after. In addition, Lower Phul-Ghobi (LPG) and Upper Phul-Ghobi (UPG) were radiocarbon dated back to 2450 ± 70 BC and 2100 ± 50 B.C respectively.…
The Yellowstone volcano has been a growing concern for many Americans over the years. Especially after the eruption of the Mount St. Helen's volcano in the 80's. Rumors of a catastrophic explosion have caught the attention of everyone from the media to newspapers who try to sell the fear of an imminent explosion and the extreme damage that could possibly happen. However, the truth is just the opposite. In actuality, these fears are almost always unfounded, and usually arise from the the rumors of the damage it may cause. Further investigation of the current status of this supervolcano in fact reveals the true nature of this "massive threat."…
There are several reasons that influence volcanic hazards, these include the viscosity of the magma, proximity to population centres, materials that are ejected from the volcano, the magnitude of the eruption and the plate margin that the volcano rests upon.…