As conceptualized by Adelman-Reyes & Kleyn’s (2010), bilingual education can be categorized
As conceptualized by Adelman-Reyes & Kleyn’s (2010), bilingual education can be categorized
Alan B. Krueger and Jitka Maleckova bring a simple correlation to poverty and terrorism. There is no doubt that education directly correlates to the success of the individual. “Instead of viewing terrorism as a direct response to low market opportunities or lack of education, we suggest it is more accurately viewed as a response to political conditions and long-standing feelings of indignity and frustration (perceived or real) that have little to do with economics.” “Alan B. Krueger and Jitka Maleckova” Does Poverty Cause Terrorism?, June 23 2002. Directly relating this to the problems in the Middle East is simple enough with what has been developing over the last few years there. Terrorism is defined as violence for or against a state, though it is sometimes difficult to tell, like in the Middle East, who is actually the legitimate government. Though the widely accepted definition is "premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by…
There are three federal court cases that provide the legal foundation for providing equal educational opportunity to students with limited English Proficiency, Lau vs. Nichols 1973, Castaneda vs. Pickard 1981 and Plyler vs. Doe 1982 (The English Language Learners Knowledge Base, 2004).…
A growing number of U.S. parents view bilingualism as a laudable family goal. The reasons for this trend include a desire to maintain ties to the parents' heritage language and culture, to provide children with academic and cognitive advantages, and to promote cross-cultural understanding…
It is no secret that the debate over what is the best course of action to educate our non-native English language students across the country is a highly charged topic that runs from the classroom to Capitol Hill. There have been many shifts in direction and focus of educational programs for English Language Learning (ELL) students during the past century in our nation's history. In 1968, with the passage of the Bilingual Education Act (Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act) legislation was adopted to support programs for educating language-minority students. For the first time, this federal law provided legal guidelines and funding for transitional bilingual education programs. This legislation was further developed in 1974 as a result of the US Supreme Court ruling in Lau V Nichols where a group of Chinese immigrant parents in San Francisco argued that the school district was not adequately providing an equal and effective education because they failed to address their students' needs to learn English. As a result of this ruling the mandate to school districts was established to focus funding and attention around a sufficient bilingual education program. Several rulings following this case helped to clarify the need for adequate pedagogy, a sufficient number of qualified teachers to implement the program and a system to measure the effectiveness (Mora,2009).…
Thank you for disclosing your observations on the McKensie and Kress study. I enjoyed your insights in point one on the No Child Left Behind Act. I do disagree with you on the NCLBA law. As a former educator, I saw firsthand that the law was unfair to teachers and had expectations that were increasingly unrealistic. Moreover, as I have stated in another post, I believe excellent teachers should never lose their jobs based on the outcomes of any standardized test. Those individuals that believe teachers should lose jobs over assessment results do not understand all the factors that could influence the performance of students on those exams. It would be frightening to think my job would depend on the performance of a student some standardized…
In this peer reviewed journal article “A Speech Community Model of Bilingual Education: Educating Latino Newcomers in the USA” written by Ofelia Garcia and Lesley Bartlett the authors find a way to address the current problem of bilingual education in the US. They do so by conducting a qualitative case study at a segregated bilingual high school for Latino newcomers. They base their study off of a community high school in New York by the name of Gregorio Luperon High School. This specific school has a majority of Dominican students in a city with one of the highest drug and…
Frankenberg, E. (2009). The Demographic Context of Urban Schools and Districts. Equity & Excellence In Education, 42(3), 255-271.…
When it comes to the academic benefits of bilingual education amid students, it has been pointed out that grade three students who were taken through bilingual education from their kindergarten level of education did not perform in the same way Spanish-speaking students who started in English-only programs did in their class tests (Carlson &Meltzof, 2008). Spanish speaking children performed exceptionally better. However, as the same students advanced in their studies to the fifth grade, students who were subjected to bilingual education were more likely to read to the same standards or even better compared to their peers who went through English-only programs (Soderman, 2010). Bilingual education enabled individuals to read and write better in the additional languages they…
High school is an important step in the life of a teenager, it determines the places you will go prior to your education. High school to me is what I have been both looking forward to and not looking forward to my whole life. Everything about excites me yet it overwhelms me simultaneously making my thoughts about high school mixed. The idea of going to high school is very exciting because of all the amazing things I could experience but also scary because I don’t know what the world has in store for me there. To this day the idea of it frustrates me knowing that I will never make up my mind about whether I’ll like it until I get there. My biggest fear going into high school is being able to balance out my schoolwork out with…
Bilingual education and economic inequality are just two of the many issues Texans deal with in today’s society. In “What is Bilingual Education,” Stephen Krashen defines bilingual education as “any use of two languages in school – by teachers or students or both – for a variety of social and pedagogical (educational) purposes” (1). Bilingual education confrontations in Texas are due to the overwhelming amount and diversity of immigrants in the past fifteen years. While good for population growth, bilingual issues are putting stress on our education system. It seems society will always be adjusting to incoming students with language barriers, yet instead of helping them in the best possible way, we continue to debate on how people feel. (Krashen 2)…
Bilingual education has been looked down on for various reasons. Most of the beliefs behind the reasons are due to misconceptions about bilingual education students. While bilingual education can be for any student who’s primary language is not English, those of Hispanic descent are the largest majority. Possibly due to this fact, they are looked down upon and are seen in a negative light.…
Do Spanish-speaking immigrants have rights to bilingual education? With the increase of the Latino population in New York City during the 1960s caused the school system to be faced with a new issue of language rights. My topic of bilingual education is important because with the increasing presence of Latinos it brings an increasing number of Limited English Proficient Students to the country. Being a first or second generation Latino having a bilingual education makes a difference in one life by causing them to preserve part of their culture. My paper will focus on what exactly is bilingual education, it’s origins, the ways in which it is taught, the successes and failures and what the future holds.…
Many immigrants fear bilingual education because it is associated with disadvantage, alienation, and cultural deprivation. Many of them do not want to pass their native language on to their children because they consider English to be more socially and economically valued. (Linton, 2004)…
Porter (1990) reported that in a poll taken of teachers in the Los Angeles USD in 1987 78% voted against bilingual education and in favor of a strong emphasis on English. Not mentioned, however, was why teachers voted against bilingual education. Were they opposed to the theory underlying bilingual education or were there other reasons? The purpose of this study was to investigate how bilingual education is perceived by teachers. We were specifically interested in teachers ' understanding and attitudes toward the theoretical underpinnings of bilingual education, and how these attitudes compared…
Many people don’t see the opportunities that bilingual education programs can have on any person. Bilingual education programs have “a positive effect on intellectual growth” on a child’s mind. Bilingual education programs also produce good listening skills. Lastly it gives job opportunities when the time comes to get a job. Bilingual education programs should not be abandoned because it has a positive effect on intellectual growth, produces good listening skills, and gives job opportunities.…