Marine organisms that have a larvae stage dependent on wind waves to move and settle in an environment, where they develop to adults and recruit. The Mytilus californianus has a larvae stage and as the waves break into the surface of the pier pilings in Santa Monica, the larvae stick to the hard substrate that the vertical columns provide. The random placement of the larvae on the pier piling is what determines how much stress and nutrients that individual larvae will receive as it develops to an adult. Studies conducted in a lab with different mussel species have shown that growth is determined by the nutrients it receives and the quality of nutrients…
In which, both the chi-squared test and the observation of the pillbugs appears to prefer the moist chamber than the dry chamber. The possible errors associated with this experiment include, the isopods climbing over each other. At times it would block the connecting chambers preventing the flow between the chambers. In addition, the rocks used in this experiment were slightly moist and may have affected the experiment. Some further investigation include increasing the test size, testing whether isopods prefer light or dark and the pH the isopods…
Rock platforms are rich in biodiversity, mostly distributed as a result of the interactions of abiotic and biotic factors. They are wave eroded and generally flat, inter-tidal areas are usually at the base of rocky headlands. The rock platform hosts a range of microenvironments such as crevices, boulders, rock pools and cobbles to suit different ranges of species.…
The second pair of maxillae also helps to draw water over the gills. Of the eight pairs of appendages on the cephalothorax, the first three are maxillipeds, which hold food during eating. The chelipeds are the large claws that the crayfish uses for defense and to capture prey. Each of the four remaining segments contains a pair of walking legs. In the abdomen, the first five segments each have a pair of swimmerets, which create water currents and function in reproduction. The sixth segment contains a modified pair of uropods. In the middle of the uropods is a structure called the telson, which bears the anus. The uropod and telson together make up the tail fan. The crayfish moves backward by forcing water forward with its tail…
Also, the color of their fur helps hide them away from…
The flat periwinkle is a small snail that lives on seaweeds growing on rocky shores in New England. Among the snail’s enemies is the European green crab. As its name suggests, the European green crab is not native to North America. It traveled from Europe early in the 19th century. Before 1900, the green crab did not occur north of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. After the turn of the century, however, the crab expanded its range northward, and is now found as far north as Nova Scotia. The crab’s range expansion introduced periwinkle populations north of Cape Cod to a new predator.…
Passageway for air during breathing, produces sound, prevents food and other foreign objects from entering the breathing structures.…
All animals try to adapt to the environment to survive. The real question is why do living organisms react to environmental factors? For example, a chameleon will change colors to hide from predators. Bears hibernate in the winter to conserve energy because of the food shortages. Likewise, pill bugs avoid light and try to make homes in dark, damp environments and eat decaying plant and animal matter. The reason pill bugs prefer dark and damp environments is because they behave negatively to phototaxis, which is the response to light, and have a partially positive behavior towards hydrotaxis, which is the response to moisture. The reason I say partial behavior is because they do not prefer to live in an all-dry habitat, but they also do not find large bodies of water an ideal habitat as well. In this specific scenario, the object of the…
Earthworm-segmented worm. they inhabit every bit of moist soil in the world. they possess bilateral symmetry and are made up of segments that look like little rings stacked next to each other.…
The darkness that surrounds them leaves the spotlight aiming on them for easy prey. The…
Manatees protect themselves by avoiding it. They don’t have anything to protect themselves with, that’s why they avoid it. They don’t swim in packs either so they are at a low advantage of getting away. Manatees swim to shallow water and near the coast to avoid their predator. They wait 15 minutes for their predator to get away. Sometimes, their method…
originates. When asleep, the female pinworms rove to the cecum of the large intestine and to lay…
The simulation when all predators were present. The reason is because when predators, specifically starfish, are present the mussel population along with populations of all the rest are able to be controlled. This results in mussels not taking over using their competitive dominance allowing other prey to thrive so that the other predators can survive and be part of the ecological diversity.…
Animal Behavior: Animal Defenses Copyright 2009 by Infobase Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wilsdon, Christina. Animal defenses / Christina Wilsdon. p. cm. — (Animal behavior) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60413-089-8 (hardcover) 1. Animal defenses. I. Title. II. Series. QL759.W55 2009 591.47—dc22 2008040116 Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Chelsea House on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Text design by Kerry Casey Cover design by Ben Peterson Printed in the United States Bang EJB 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. All links and Web addresses were checked and verified to be correct at the time of publication. Because of the dynamic nature of the Web, some addresses and links may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. Caption: A thorny devil, native to Australia, is camouflaged in shades of desert browns and tans. The spikes on its body also help protect it from predators.…
has contractile vacuoles which collect and pump the Excess water out of the organism (active transport).…