AI Assignment 2
UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL
ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
CSNB 234
ASSIGNMENT TWO
LECTURER : DR. ALICIA TANG YEE CHONG
Group Members:
1) DIVIYA A/P NADARAJAH SN093050
2) THIVIYA NADARAJ SN089841
3) JESJEET SINGH SW089804
4) FAREESH SAILESH TIMBADIA SW090964
QUESTION 1
(a) Genetic Algorithms were invented to mimic some of the processes observed in the evolutionary ideas of genetic and natural selection based on survival of the fittest. Explain each step of the Genetic Algorithm.
There are three main steps for genetic algorithm which is random initialization of population, evaluation of fitness function and generation of new population.
In random initialization of population, the initial population is created randomly with even number of individuals. An individual is characterized by a fixed-length binary bit string, which is called a chromosome. In evaluation of fitness function all the individuals of the initially created population are evaluated by means of a fitness function . The fitness function is then used in the next step, to create a genetic pool. After evaluating the fitness of the individuals of the initial population, a new population is created. The creation of a new generation is performed basically in three stages, reproduction, crossover and mutation. The overall goal of this step is to obtain a new population with individuals which have high fitness values.
In reproduction stage, the individuals are selected among the population depending on their fitness values i.e. individuals with lower fitness values are eliminated, whilst the others with higher fitness values are copied to the next generation one or more times. The population after reproduction stage is called mating pool.
In crossover stage, a genetic crossover operator is applied to the mating pool to generate new individuals. Thus individuals of the mating pool are paired randomly, and genetic couples are obtained. There are many
ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
CSNB 234
ASSIGNMENT TWO
LECTURER : DR. ALICIA TANG YEE CHONG
Group Members:
1) DIVIYA A/P NADARAJAH SN093050
2) THIVIYA NADARAJ SN089841
3) JESJEET SINGH SW089804
4) FAREESH SAILESH TIMBADIA SW090964
QUESTION 1
(a) Genetic Algorithms were invented to mimic some of the processes observed in the evolutionary ideas of genetic and natural selection based on survival of the fittest. Explain each step of the Genetic Algorithm.
There are three main steps for genetic algorithm which is random initialization of population, evaluation of fitness function and generation of new population.
In random initialization of population, the initial population is created randomly with even number of individuals. An individual is characterized by a fixed-length binary bit string, which is called a chromosome. In evaluation of fitness function all the individuals of the initially created population are evaluated by means of a fitness function . The fitness function is then used in the next step, to create a genetic pool. After evaluating the fitness of the individuals of the initial population, a new population is created. The creation of a new generation is performed basically in three stages, reproduction, crossover and mutation. The overall goal of this step is to obtain a new population with individuals which have high fitness values.
In reproduction stage, the individuals are selected among the population depending on their fitness values i.e. individuals with lower fitness values are eliminated, whilst the others with higher fitness values are copied to the next generation one or more times. The population after reproduction stage is called mating pool.
In crossover stage, a genetic crossover operator is applied to the mating pool to generate new individuals. Thus individuals of the mating pool are paired randomly, and genetic couples are obtained. There are many