The film American History X directed by Tony Kaye is about how a white supremacist who tries to prevent his younger brother from going down the same path which he took. The beginning and the ending of the film revealed a change in the character of Derek from a hate-fuelled racist to an open-minded person who finds his mistakes. Kaye uses black and white cinematography; non-diegetic sounds and also costumes to support his message that ‘hate is baggage’. When comparing the portrayal of the beginning and final scenes of Venice beach, the murder Derek which had committed to that of the murder of his younger brother – Danny, and also Derek’s initial appearance to that which was changed near the end of the film are all aspects which showed the overall change in Derek overtime.
The beginning and ending of the portrayal of Venice beach is a sign which shows that there is a change. In the beginning of the film, Venice beach was portrayed in black and white cinematography. The opening credits were established in this scene, which included cheerless music in the background. This opening scene immediately indicates that events are based on the past and are events not worth mentioning. This resembles Derek’s past transgressions and shows that when he committed himself to racism and hatred, he began to live a life of depression and emptiness as depicted by the use of cheerless music exploited by Kaye. The black and white cinematography shows that Derek lived a life having a narrow perception of the world. At the end of the film, the scene of Venice beach is again repeated, but this time it is portrayed in an excessive amount of saturated colour of sunrise. Kaye shows when Derek became reconciled of hate and racism, his life turned from being colourless to colourful. The image of the sunrise symbolises that Derek has left his needless