Ammonia and Its Salt
Ammonia and Its Salts
1. Ammonia, NH3 is a very important compound in industry. 2. The main uses of ammonia: a) To manufacture nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and urea b) The liquid form is used as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators c) As a raw material for the manufacture of nitric acid in the Ostwald process d) To be converted into nitric acid used for making explosives e) As an alkali to prevent the coagulation of latex so that latex can remain in the liquid form f) To produce ammonium chloride used as an electrolyte in dry cells g) As a cleaning agent to remove grease h) Used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers such as nylon
3. The manufacture of nitrogenous fertilizers: a) Ammonium sulphate
Ammonia reacts with sulphuric acid by neutralization to produce ammonium sulphate.
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2NH3 + H2 SO4 (NH4)2 SO4
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Ammonium sulphate
b) Ammonium nitrate
Ammonia reacts with nitric acid by neutralization to produce ammonium nitrate
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NH3 + HNO3 NH 4NO3
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Ammonium nitrate
c) Urea
Ammonia reacts with carbon dioxide at a temperature of 200 C and a pressure of 200 atmosphere to produce urea.
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2NH3 + CO2 (NH2) 2CO + H2O
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Urea
4. Liquid ammonia is suitable for use as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators because it has a low boiling point and it very volatile. 5. In the Ostwald process, ammonia is converted into nitric acid by the following steps: a) Ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen monoxide gas in the
1. Ammonia, NH3 is a very important compound in industry. 2. The main uses of ammonia: a) To manufacture nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and urea b) The liquid form is used as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators c) As a raw material for the manufacture of nitric acid in the Ostwald process d) To be converted into nitric acid used for making explosives e) As an alkali to prevent the coagulation of latex so that latex can remain in the liquid form f) To produce ammonium chloride used as an electrolyte in dry cells g) As a cleaning agent to remove grease h) Used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers such as nylon
3. The manufacture of nitrogenous fertilizers: a) Ammonium sulphate
Ammonia reacts with sulphuric acid by neutralization to produce ammonium sulphate.
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2NH3 + H2 SO4 (NH4)2 SO4
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Ammonium sulphate
b) Ammonium nitrate
Ammonia reacts with nitric acid by neutralization to produce ammonium nitrate
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NH3 + HNO3 NH 4NO3
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Ammonium nitrate
c) Urea
Ammonia reacts with carbon dioxide at a temperature of 200 C and a pressure of 200 atmosphere to produce urea.
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2NH3 + CO2 (NH2) 2CO + H2O
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Urea
4. Liquid ammonia is suitable for use as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators because it has a low boiling point and it very volatile. 5. In the Ostwald process, ammonia is converted into nitric acid by the following steps: a) Ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen monoxide gas in the