Security is the degree of resistance to, or protection from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable and valuable asset, such as a person, dwelling, community, nation, or organization. Establishing or maintaining a sufficient degree of security is the aim of the work, structures, and processes called "security."
Also security provides "a form of protection which helps to delay, deter, deny, detect and destroy a threat."
Sensible management of security risk will involve finding the most appropriate and cost-effective way of minimising risk through a combination of procedural, personnel and physical measures. This mix establishes a series of barriers that prevent or restrict unauthorised access or harm to resources. This is known as ‘security-in-depth’. It also puts in place mechanisms to detect and respond to security breaches within an acceptable timeframe.
Although actual security can be quite complex, they generally conform to the basic principles of Physical Security:
• Deter
• Deny
• Detect
• Delay
However for the above to be achieved, Security needs to be detailed and effective.
For most organisations the recommended response will involve a sensible mix of general good housekeeping alongside appropriate investments in CCTV, intruder alarms and lighting that deter as well as detect – measures that will also protect against other criminal acts such as theft and vandalism and address general health and safety concerns.
In some locations these measures may already be in place to some degree. However, external and internal threats to organisations (and their staff) will constantly evolve and so all procedures and technology should be kept under constant review.
Furthermore it is up to security designers, architects and analysts to come up with a well-designed system, these features must complement each other. There are at least four layers of physical security:
• Environmental design
• Mechanical, electronic and procedural