Starting from the late 1700’s until the mid 1900’s was a difficult time for the African American community. People were dying for no specific reason, there were no jobs’ and the life conditions were very harsh. The Analyzing of two different poems A Black Man Talks of Reaping by Arna Bontemps and A Negro Speaks of Rivers by Langston Hughes helps us better understand the difficulties in Harlem during the 19th century. The comparison of the similarities and differences between both creates a solid and experienced idea for the reader to understand. The fact that in one poem the author ‘speaks’ and the other one the author ‘talks’ can prove different experiences that these authors have lived trough. Both poems use specific examples and comparisons to give a global image of Harlem in the 1900’s.…
In Chapter 1 of the second paragraph of W.E.B. DuBois’s The Souls of Black Folk, DuBois uses a descriptive style of writing to create a sense of deep spiritual connection with his reader. DuBois incorporated numerous vivid phrases, such as “rollicking boyhood” and “wee wooden schoolhouse” to deliver the reader into the very place and time of an unforgettable event that happened when he was a young child. This event sets the tone of his book as it gives the reader an explanation for the motives behind every decision he made in his lifetime. The words “vast veil” becomes a powerful way to grasp the very essence of DuBois’s feelings toward white people. In a unique application of “the blue sky”, DuBois constructs a vibrant picture of joyful…
When asked to describe the basis of her art, Kara Walker gave a fiery remark: "The history of America is built on...inequality, this foundation of a racial inequality and a social inequality...and we buy into it. I mean, whiteness is just as artificial a construct as blackness is." She offers insight into the founding of these deep-seated racial stereotypes that her art attacks. Racial inequality and its roots in America is a heavy influence in her work. In fact, in the work’s title, “Gone” refers to Margaret Mitchell’s Gone With The Wind, a novel set in the antebellum and early civil war period. This was a time heavy with racial injustice.…
In demonstration, after the abolishment in the nation with three additional amendments, anti-freedmen deliberately searched a loophole to harass the freedmen. Forming the Ku Klux Klan and other groups, white americans killed and intimidated former slaves. In reference to Document E, the depiction manifested two men, a white southerner with a card saying white league, and K.K.K. member, holding a death skull over a family of black citizens grieving over their child’s corpse. The title of the picture speaks out: WORSE THAN SLAVERY. Considering the appellation and art, white southerners and K.K.K. contemplate eradicating and humiliating the black race. Moreover, the child is assumed as a victim of the murderers, causing grievance to African American’s social life. To summarize, because of the new amendments and the Reconstruction Era, African Americans have a difficult social life, finalizing the fact that America has unsuccessfully achieved social equality.…
In “I, Too Sing America” and “Still I Rise,” the speakers are the authors, but the authors act as a voice for all African Americans who are exhausted with inequality and injustice. The audience of both poems is mainly directed…
As I sat outside watching the other inmates, a gentle breeze caressed my face, providing relief from the sun’s hot rays. I was used to the heat, but maybe it was the circumstances that I was in that made it unbearable. I could see that my fellow inmates felt the same as they lazed about, their skin glistening with sweat, their shirts clinging to their backs. ‘Guilty until proven innocent’ rang angrily in my mind when I saw the number of Negroes compared to white people incarcerated. The amount of court cases, as well as families, jobs and lives, lost due to our colour was innumerable. Half of us didn’t even commit a crime worth being sent to jail for, but here we are! I wiped my forehead with an already sticky hand and surveyed my surroundings in an effort to shake off the contemptuous thought. The dirt oval consisted of some simple worn out exercising equipment, their hinges squeaking in protest with very movement; a few withering trees dying in the midday heat, two lookouts sitting on the inside of the perimeter where the prison guards patrolled the prisoners and a barbed wire fence which enclosed the space in an ominous hug. I thought pensively about my situation as I kicked the dusty ground vehemently, scuffing my already torn prison boots in the process. The rising hopelessness that I had kept bottled up throughout the court case, believing that with Mr Finch on my side I would definitely be acquitted, quickly vanished, much like the specks of dirt that I had kicked up had disappeared, carried away with the breeze of reality.…
Angelou, through this empowering poem, has insightfully discussed and surely raised awareness of the social issue of racial prejudice - which is, in fact, sadly still present in our world. In furtherance to this, Angelou has also been able to convince us that not only is racial prejudice driven by corrupt ideals and beliefs but rather it is rooted deeply in hatred and jealousy. During the era in which Angelou lived in, there were considerably few advocates and activists for people who were treated with such cruelty all due to their race. And as outlined in Angelou’s poem, the social situation during the Jim Crow Era was appalling. In today’s society, the social situation regarding issues of racial prejudice has certainly improved with the increased number of advocates and social rights movements for those treated with inferiority and inhumanity. It has improved so much that a large number of coloured people have taken positions of governance, with the current President of the United States (Barack Obama) being an African-American and Social Rights Activist himself. Similar to critically acclaimed literary authors such as, Alice Walker and Dennis Brutus (‘The Colour Purple’ and ‘Somehow We Survive’) Angelou is a Social Rights Activist who possessed a genuine intent to make a change and difference in society. Perhaps, through this poem, Angelou is trying to…
Dunbar’s We Wear the Mask addresses the faults of humanity and the intersectional themes of race, society and class within the poem. The “mask” within this piece is symbolic of the ways in which society structures and organizes individuals to conform to societal standards. To support this theory - Dunbar uses the American Dream and slavery to remind his readers “we” wore the mask back then and “we” still wear the mask to this day.…
Since African ‘Americans’ have arrived off of the slave ship that sailed through the middle passage, African Americans have struggled with what it means to be African and what it means to be American. Although centuries have passed since the chattel slave ship filled with Africans has landed on American soil, even presently today African Americans are caught in an internal power struggle between being an American and being an African American as well. Claude McKay, Countee Cullen, and Gwendolyn Bennet are phenomenal African American poets who perfectly depict the internal conflict of being stuck between two clashing cultures. The poets not only describe the struggle of being African and American but they also describe what Africa means…
9th – 12th grade OSNAS students are required to read two novels if placed in an English Regular’s or Honor’s class and three novels if placed in an AP English class:…
The lyric poem “We wear the mask” by Paul Laurence Dunbar is a poem about the African American race, and how they had to conceal their unhappiness and anger from whites. This poem was written in 1895, which is around the era when slavery was abolished. Dunbar, living in this time period, was able to experience the gruesome effects of racism, hatred and prejudice against blacks at its worst. Using literary techniques such as: alliteration, metaphor, persona, cacophony, apostrophe and paradox, Paul Dunbar’s poem suggests blacks of his time wore masks of smiling faces to hide their true feelings.…
In James Baldwin’s essay “Letter to My Nephew on the One Hundredth Anniversary of Emancipation” in The Fire Next Time, Baldwin advises his black, adolescent nephew living in the 1960’s during the African-American Civil Rights Movement on what living a free life means based on Baldwin’s own experience as an adult. As an existential thinker, Baldwin attributes a person’s identity to the collection of accomplishments and failures in his or her entire lifetime, as opposed to accepting a person as determinately good or bad. In order to be truly free of oppression, according to Baldwin, African Americans must seek to be authentic by not conceding to the expectations and restrictions of racist white Americans. A person’s authenticity lies in his or her willingness to take risks, accept responsibility for any consequences, and live by personal experience, not by the constraints or unattainable expectations of others. A person must cherish and cling to his or her own beliefs in what is right or wrong, despite difficult circumstances. Any man or woman is only free up to how much he or she is willing to risk, claiming freedom and dignity and accepting neither inferiority nor superiority.…
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the novel I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou. Specifically it will discuss the themes of racism and segregation, and how these strong themes are woven throughout this moving autobiography. Maya Angelou recounts the story of her early life, including the racism and segregation she experiences throughout her formative years. With wit, sincerity, and remarkable talent, Angelou portrays racism as a product of ignorance and prejudice. However, she finds the strength to rise above this crippling condition.…
In his The Way of White Folks, Hughes illustrates the blacks’ feeling of frustration and resistance towards the white-Americans that they live within the society they are in. When on analyzes his short stories, one can see the techniques Hughes used, to illustrate how the whites treats the blacks. Although Hughes blurs the racial line which separates the North America from the South, he effectively illustrates that the how the upper class treats the black with less violence, but still with belittling condescension. In addition, through the medium of music, Hughes demonstrates the envy of many American whites because many of the blacks are artistically talented. With the use of the strategies, Hughes…
Many writers and poets throughout history have touched on the topic of slavery and the woe of those enduring unjust discrimination and racism due to the mere color of their skin, culture or religion they follow. The journey of slavery and discrimination of the black people is a topic that is close to my heart and to many people who feel for the suffering and undeserved bias that is placed against those that are deemed different in any way. In literature, the topic has been discussed in regard to the various concepts based on the experiences and researches conducted by the authors. In this research, the paper will discuss the topic on slavery and discrimination of black people in regard to various writings that have been collected in “The Poetry…