Anatomy and Physio Chpts 5,6,8,9
Anatomy Exam Chapters 5,6,8,9
Heat-Loss Center (page 840) * behavioral changes- getting shade, going into water * vasodilation and shunting of blood to skin surface- inhibition of vasomotor center causes warm blood flow to the surface, skins turns red, skin temperature rises, radiational and convective losses increase * sweat production- sweat glands are stimulated to increase secretory output, perspiration occurs, evaporative heat losses accelerate * respiratory heat loss- respiratory centers are stimulated , depth of respiration increases, begin using mouth instead of nasal passages, increasing loss through lungs
Heat-Gain Center (page 841)
Increased Generation of Body Heat * nonshivering thermogenesis- release of hormones that increase metabolic activity of all tissues, stimulation of adrenal medullae, epinephrine released, increased glycogenolysis in liver * shivering thermogenesis- gradual increase of muscle tone increases energy consumption of skeletal muscle tissue, agonists and antagonists involved, shivering elevates body temperature
Conservation of Body Heat * the vasometer center decreases blood flow to the dermis reducing losses by radiation and convection, the skin cools and restricts blood flow, epithelial cells are not damages * countercurrent exchange- the deep veins lie alongside deep arteries and heat is conducted from the warm blood flowing outward to the limbs and cooler blood returning, this traps heat close to the body
Integumentary system (page 159-175)
Cutaneous Membrane * Epidermis- stratified squamous epithelium i. the epidermis is dominated by keratinocytes- the body's most abundant epithelial cells, forming several layers or strata ii. epidermal ridges formed by the deeper layers of the epidermis, extend into the dermis and dermal projections called dermal papillae, that project into epidermis, both greatly increase surface area for attachment binding epidermis to dermis iii. thin
Heat-Loss Center (page 840) * behavioral changes- getting shade, going into water * vasodilation and shunting of blood to skin surface- inhibition of vasomotor center causes warm blood flow to the surface, skins turns red, skin temperature rises, radiational and convective losses increase * sweat production- sweat glands are stimulated to increase secretory output, perspiration occurs, evaporative heat losses accelerate * respiratory heat loss- respiratory centers are stimulated , depth of respiration increases, begin using mouth instead of nasal passages, increasing loss through lungs
Heat-Gain Center (page 841)
Increased Generation of Body Heat * nonshivering thermogenesis- release of hormones that increase metabolic activity of all tissues, stimulation of adrenal medullae, epinephrine released, increased glycogenolysis in liver * shivering thermogenesis- gradual increase of muscle tone increases energy consumption of skeletal muscle tissue, agonists and antagonists involved, shivering elevates body temperature
Conservation of Body Heat * the vasometer center decreases blood flow to the dermis reducing losses by radiation and convection, the skin cools and restricts blood flow, epithelial cells are not damages * countercurrent exchange- the deep veins lie alongside deep arteries and heat is conducted from the warm blood flowing outward to the limbs and cooler blood returning, this traps heat close to the body
Integumentary system (page 159-175)
Cutaneous Membrane * Epidermis- stratified squamous epithelium i. the epidermis is dominated by keratinocytes- the body's most abundant epithelial cells, forming several layers or strata ii. epidermal ridges formed by the deeper layers of the epidermis, extend into the dermis and dermal projections called dermal papillae, that project into epidermis, both greatly increase surface area for attachment binding epidermis to dermis iii. thin