A Meal of Gruel in a Dutch Peasant Family is an engraving done by A. Van Ostade in Paris in 1653. During this time era, there were many wars taking place, like the Thirty Years War, and this time was in the middle of the age of exploration. Since most of the wealth of the Dutch Republic, as well as all over Europe, was going towards funding these great trade journeys and for setting up settlements across the ocean, the peasants back in Europe, like the Dutch, were working hard to make money, only for it to go to these certain voyages. Most of them were starving, show in the etching of the family eating gruel instead of hearty foods. Since the artist lived in Paris, he probably saw this all the time around him, if not felt it himself.…
2) New York used to be called "New Amsterdam." Tell the history behind this, how it change hands to become New York.…
Threatened by the Dutch trading monopolies, France and England went to war with the Dutch and won. In all the Anglo-Dutch wars, the English defeated the Dutch and according to the "Estimated Losses to Merchant Shipping in Three Anglo - Dutch Wars 1652-1574", seized 2000-2700 ships, compared to the Dutch, who captured 500 ships. The Anglo-Dutch wars damaged the Dutch trade. According to “the Resolution of the Amsterdam City Council, 1671” the French and Other European kings' need to “take over part of it for themselves” increased, the urge for war in order to break the dutch monopoly and…
The rapid success of Dutch trading ventures captured the attention of other European nations who were ready to destroy the Republic’s security through several military battles. Leading the charges was England, who clearly demonstrated its resentment throughout the Anglo-Dutch wars. Between 1652 and 1674, there were 2,000-2,700 Dutch ships seized by the English, at least four times the amount seized by the Dutch (Doc 3). It goes to show the intensity with which the Dutch were being torn down from their powerful position. France joined the attack on the republic by allying with England. Signed in 1670, the Treaty of Dover plainly lays out the goal of the foreign powers: “Each of the allied sovereigns will the jointly declare war on the Dutch Republic” (Doc 6). This official document reflects the actions and feelings…
Introduction, today we will read about how a struggling countries government will step in and help assist using the mercantilist economic system. Situation: the Dutch dominated the shipping channels on overseas trade; monopolizing the financial rewards. The current government, the English, needed to intervene on the Dutch because; they were monopolizing the transatlantic shipping lines like it was their “turf”; and had established business relationships with the Europeans- France and Spain. Their process was to pick up and deliver manufactured products between ports, collect delivery fees, and, employ their own countrymen. Who was benefiting? The Dutch and their European relationships-France and Spain. Who was hurting? The English economy. The English government’s goal: to replace Dutch dominance on the transatlantic shipping lines with English presence. Starting in 1651, four types of mercantile regulations were created and installed to help regulate imperial trade. First application of The Navigation Act of 16512...ref first para..…
From the middle of the Seventeenth Century to the early Eighteenth Century, the Dutch Republic, which in 1648 had it’s independence recognized in the Peace of Westphalia, was an important commercial and military presence in Western Europe which later experienced challenges to its security, unity, and prosperity: in security, the Dutch faced navel challenges from England and land-based invasions from France; the challenges to prosperity came from the cost of wars and fierce competition to it’s trading empire; in turn, the financial stress caused by war and commercial decline threatened the unity of the Republic, as the financial burden of the wars fell disproportionately on the province of Holland.…
Seeing the Dutch trading monopolies in trade, other European nations went to war with the Dutch and won in a series of decisive victories. In the 3 Anglo-Dutch wars, the English defeated the Dutch and, as seen in Doc 3, seized 2000-2700 ships, compared to the Dutch capture of 500 ships merchant ships. Clearly, these Anglo-Dutch wars damaged the Dutch trade dominance. Many nations besides England wished to take part in the Dutch trade, and used violence to take their share. As the need to “take over part of it for themselves” (Doc 7 ) increased, the urge for war as a means of obtaining Dutch wealth increased as well. The treaty of Dover, which is a published document, and therefore a reflection of the actions and plans of the ruling, showed that this increased interest in the Dutch led to alliances (in this treaty, between England and France) against the Dutch. The “allied sovereigns …jointly declare war on the Dutch Republic.” (Doc 6) These wars exhausted the Dutch resources, so that the provinces would eventually become “overwhelmed or flooded…ruining [Dutch] commerce.” (Doc 8) This document, written by the Dutch ambassador, accurately reflects the concerns and reality as seen by the Dutch rulers and nobility. The military that “suffered extremely” (Doc 14) was deteriorating, and the Republic was, due to the combined efforts of the other…
1. Teacher and students will translate sections of PART I of “In Thermis” on p.46.…
Neighboring nation’s aggressive actions in acquiring dominance in trade forced the Dutch to wage war against them. This caused the Netherlands’ prosperity and security decline. In a letter to the republic’s government, Konrad Van Beuningen stated that the wars had exhausted Dutch lands which was a result of the Dutch focusing on the battles instead of their economic prosperity. This letter can be viewed as valid because it is a report to a legitimate institution. In addition, because other countries wanted to gain their own prosperity, England and France allied themselves against the Dutch (Doc 6). Furthermore, the Amsterdam City Council was well aware that French and other monarchs wanted the Netherlands’ trade routes for their own economic benefits (Doc 7).…
The "Somebody-Wanted-But-So" chart is an excellent way to summarize important information from history. In it, you identify a person or group of people, their goal, need, or want, what conflict of interest stood in the way, and the outcome. This strategy works great because history depends on the needs, wants, and actions of humans.…
Building a Bridge to the Eighteenth Century By: Neil Postman Neil Postman identifies himself as a "neo-Luddite". What bothers Postman most is the fact that the great innovators of this time have no frame of reference other than their own experience, and that experience is only that of the 20th century. Advocates of trends such as information superhighways and economic globalization appear to know nothing of history, philosophy and culture; they live digitally in the hollow present. Postman assesses different ideas in each chapter: Chaper One: A Bridge to the Eighteenth Century Postman heralds the accomplishments of personalities of the 18th Century, including Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, Kant, Hume, Gibbon, Paine, Jefferson, Franklin, Mozart, Beethoven, Bach, and Haydn, among many others.…
The British had their country to fund and manage, and the king’s only reason to send them over in the first place is to pay for that and make more money on top of it. Initially a philosophy of salutary neglect was a standard practice of the British government, however when the British wanted to cripple the Dutch economy, the passed the Navigation Acts, which essentially banned the trade of goods between colonies and countries other than Britain. The British government also passed the Sugar Act to tax the colonists even more. The response was not so welcoming.…
During the 1650s the Dutch Republic was a union of 7 provinces with Holland being the strongest. The Dutch Republic had many challenges to their security, unity, and prosperity. The Dutch did not have a strong standing army to protect themselves from foreign invades. Also the Dutch Republic was decentralized and split into 7 provinces, Holland being the most powerful and successful. They were very prospers in the fact that they were in war with the English in the 1650s which made other countries have an opportunity to take them over.…
By the end of the 19th century, Most of Africa and Asia = colonized by Europeans…
Britain was aware that gaining more land could lead to more wealth which would increase their political power so it convinced them to imperial interests. Document 1 states a cause of political where Malay States needed help from the Britain, “... the rulers in the art of administration and to organize a system of government which would secure justice, safety for all, with the benefits if what is known as Civilization”. Another main reason of Great Britain of Imperialism was to achieve great powers Economic expansion demanded cheap labor, access to or control of markets to sell or buy products, and natural resources such as metals and land. British merchants would mostly establish trading posts and warehouses, create transportation, and sought control over strategies, such as Suez Canal which allows boats to cut thousands of miles of travel time between Asia and Europe. This can be evidenced in document 3 and 4 where it states, “...group…