Antigens
ANTIGENS
(Synonyms: non-self molecules, immunogen, foreign bodies.)
Definition:
Antigens are simple or complex foreign substances, which may be organic, inorganic or biological agents and they enhances/ provokes/ elicits the immune response against that when they are enters the body pareneterally.
Immunogen is a molecule that stimulate the immune response in the system
When a foreign bodies or substances enter the system or body, it mediates immediate or delayed type of immune response. Various level of defense will be taken place to devoid the antigen. Humoral and cell mediated immunity will taken place at the last. But when it started it leads to the complete resistance to that antigen by producing a specific antibody.
Classification of antigen:
The antigens may be classified as complete or incomplete antigens.
a) Complete antigens: when these antigens are entering the body evokes the immune response with out any assistant or carrier molecule they are immunogenic and antigenic too.
b) Incomplete antigens or Haptens: these are the foreign substance they require carrier molecule for to act as a complete antigen. Such antigens are called as incomplete antigens or Haptens. Haptens are low molecular weight compounds which are having antigenic property but lacks immunogenic property. The immunogenic property or production of antibody is governed by the carrier molecule. The carrier molecule is a non-antigenic component which reacts with the antigen helps in provoking the immune response.
A hapten is equipped with chemically reactive side chains such as azide, sulphonates, arsonate and carboxyate etc. Antibodies are also raised against these groups also. Normally the adjuvant are used as a carrier compound for haptens and making it as complete antigens.
Adjuvants:
It is a chemical, which when administered with the antigens, enhances or provokes the immunity. Adjuvants are
(Synonyms: non-self molecules, immunogen, foreign bodies.)
Definition:
Antigens are simple or complex foreign substances, which may be organic, inorganic or biological agents and they enhances/ provokes/ elicits the immune response against that when they are enters the body pareneterally.
Immunogen is a molecule that stimulate the immune response in the system
When a foreign bodies or substances enter the system or body, it mediates immediate or delayed type of immune response. Various level of defense will be taken place to devoid the antigen. Humoral and cell mediated immunity will taken place at the last. But when it started it leads to the complete resistance to that antigen by producing a specific antibody.
Classification of antigen:
The antigens may be classified as complete or incomplete antigens.
a) Complete antigens: when these antigens are entering the body evokes the immune response with out any assistant or carrier molecule they are immunogenic and antigenic too.
b) Incomplete antigens or Haptens: these are the foreign substance they require carrier molecule for to act as a complete antigen. Such antigens are called as incomplete antigens or Haptens. Haptens are low molecular weight compounds which are having antigenic property but lacks immunogenic property. The immunogenic property or production of antibody is governed by the carrier molecule. The carrier molecule is a non-antigenic component which reacts with the antigen helps in provoking the immune response.
A hapten is equipped with chemically reactive side chains such as azide, sulphonates, arsonate and carboxyate etc. Antibodies are also raised against these groups also. Normally the adjuvant are used as a carrier compound for haptens and making it as complete antigens.
Adjuvants:
It is a chemical, which when administered with the antigens, enhances or provokes the immunity. Adjuvants are