Ap Human Geography Model
GEOGRAPHY MODELS
Preparing for the
AP Human Geography Exam
THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
Stage One:
CBR very high
CDR very high
NIR low
Population Growth: Low
Movement from Stage One to Stage Two:
MDC Industrial Revolution
LDC Medical Revolution
Stage Two:
CBR very high
CDR plummets
NIR high
Population Growth: High
Movement from Stage Two to Stage Three:
Changes in Social customs and improved technology
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
Stage Three:
CBR: Drops quickly
CDR: Falling put slower than before
NIR: slows
Population Growth: Moderate
Movement from Stage Three to Stage Four: greater gender equity, more women working and improved birth control …show more content…
Stages:
1. The traditional society a country that has not yet begun the process of development. It contains a very high percentage of national wealth allocated to military and region. (Rostow called those services “nonproductive”)
2. Preconditions to takeoff An elite group of people initiate innovative economic activities including new technology and infrastructure.
3. The Takeoff Rapid growth generated in a limited number of economic activities like textile and food production.
4. The drive to maturity Modern technology diffuses to many areas. Workers become more skilled and specialized.
5. The age of mass consumption Economy shifts from heavy industry to consumer goods.
ROSTOW’S STAGES OF ECONOMIC
GROWTH
Support of the model: According to the model, each country is in one of the five stages. It was based on two factors: 1. the developed countries of
Europe and AngloAmerica had been joined by other countries in …show more content…
Periphery Countries that have low levels of economic productivity, low per capita incomes and generally low standards of living. They world economic periphery includes Africa (not S. Africa), parts of S. America and Asia
CORE-PERIPHERY MODEL
MACKINDER’S HEARTLAND THEORY
AND SPYKMAN’S RIMLAND THEORY
MACKINDER’S HEARTLAND THEORY
AND SPYKMAN’S RIMLAND THEORY
Heartland Theory:
Mackinder believed that a landbased power, not a seabased power, would ultimately rule the world. He believed that Eurasia was the most important area in the world containing a “pivot area” extending from Eastern
Europe to eastern Siberia. The “pivot area” became known as the Heartland.
Who rules East Europe rules the Heartland.
Who rules the Heartland rules the World Island.
Who rules the World Island rules the World.
Rimland Theory
Spykman believed the Eurasia rim, not its heart, held the key to global power. He parodied Mackinder:
Who controls the Rimland rules Eurasia
Who rules Eurasia controls the destinies of the world.
Spykman saw a divided rimland as a key to the world’s balance of power. Today the rimland includes Western Europe and China
WEBER’S LEAST COST THEORY
Preparing for the
AP Human Geography Exam
THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
Stage One:
CBR very high
CDR very high
NIR low
Population Growth: Low
Movement from Stage One to Stage Two:
MDC Industrial Revolution
LDC Medical Revolution
Stage Two:
CBR very high
CDR plummets
NIR high
Population Growth: High
Movement from Stage Two to Stage Three:
Changes in Social customs and improved technology
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
Stage Three:
CBR: Drops quickly
CDR: Falling put slower than before
NIR: slows
Population Growth: Moderate
Movement from Stage Three to Stage Four: greater gender equity, more women working and improved birth control …show more content…
Stages:
1. The traditional society a country that has not yet begun the process of development. It contains a very high percentage of national wealth allocated to military and region. (Rostow called those services “nonproductive”)
2. Preconditions to takeoff An elite group of people initiate innovative economic activities including new technology and infrastructure.
3. The Takeoff Rapid growth generated in a limited number of economic activities like textile and food production.
4. The drive to maturity Modern technology diffuses to many areas. Workers become more skilled and specialized.
5. The age of mass consumption Economy shifts from heavy industry to consumer goods.
ROSTOW’S STAGES OF ECONOMIC
GROWTH
Support of the model: According to the model, each country is in one of the five stages. It was based on two factors: 1. the developed countries of
Europe and AngloAmerica had been joined by other countries in …show more content…
Periphery Countries that have low levels of economic productivity, low per capita incomes and generally low standards of living. They world economic periphery includes Africa (not S. Africa), parts of S. America and Asia
CORE-PERIPHERY MODEL
MACKINDER’S HEARTLAND THEORY
AND SPYKMAN’S RIMLAND THEORY
MACKINDER’S HEARTLAND THEORY
AND SPYKMAN’S RIMLAND THEORY
Heartland Theory:
Mackinder believed that a landbased power, not a seabased power, would ultimately rule the world. He believed that Eurasia was the most important area in the world containing a “pivot area” extending from Eastern
Europe to eastern Siberia. The “pivot area” became known as the Heartland.
Who rules East Europe rules the Heartland.
Who rules the Heartland rules the World Island.
Who rules the World Island rules the World.
Rimland Theory
Spykman believed the Eurasia rim, not its heart, held the key to global power. He parodied Mackinder:
Who controls the Rimland rules Eurasia
Who rules Eurasia controls the destinies of the world.
Spykman saw a divided rimland as a key to the world’s balance of power. Today the rimland includes Western Europe and China
WEBER’S LEAST COST THEORY