1. By 1915, the U.S. railroad network was
[A] built with the labor of African slaves. [B] designed by German engineers. [D] the largest in the world. [E] second only to Japan.
2. How was ocean shipping transformed by the mid-nineteenth century?
[A] The average size of freighters increased from 200 to 7,500 tons.
[C] Propellers replaced paddle wheels. [D] Steel replaced wooden hulls.
3. The “annihilation of time and space,” extolled by the public and the press, referred especially to
[A] the development of aircraft. [B] an accurate clock.
[D] the science fiction musings of H. G. Wells. [E] submarine telegraph cables.
4. Englishman Henry Bessemer is best known for his advances in producing
[A] dynamite. [B] nitrocellulose.
5. What qualities make steel different from iron?
[A] It is both hard and elastic.
[C] The more valuable metal, taconite, can be derived from it. [E] Steel is less expensive to manufacture than iron.
[C] steel.
[C] demolished and replaced with new highways.
[B] There were more efficient, powerful engines. [E] all of these
[C] transcontinental railroads.
[D] taconite. [E] aniline dyes.
[B] Steel produces more pollution when manufactured. [D] Steel is easier to manufacture.
6. The chemical dye industry hurt tropical nations such as India because
[A] of those nations’ textile industries. [B] Indians and other tropical peoples could not afford chemical dyes. [C] of the environmental impact of dye factories. [D] the industry exploited workers in those countries.
7. The development of nitroglycerin was important for
[A] the chemical dye industry. [B] food preservation. [C] explosives. [D] agriculture.
8. Industrial chemistry was a great advantage to Germany because Germany
[E] those nations grew the most indigo.
[E] medicine.
[A] had the most advanced scientific institutions. [B] controlled the sources for the raw materials.
[C] was the most innovative