Are Counter Ions Affecting Antibacterial Activity?
2.3.2 Counter Ion
“Most bacterial cell walls are charged with a negative charge, so most antibacterial polymers must be charged with a positive charge to facilitate the adsorption process. The composition of the counter ion, or polymer-linked ions, is used to balance the charge, it also affects the antibacterial activity. The counter ion has positive charge, which is a strong ion-pair with the polymer will inhibit the antibacterial activity because it will prevent the polymer from interacting with the bacteria. Also, the ions that prevention generation ion-pair, it has a positive effect on antibacterial activity because it allows the polymer to interact freely with the bacteria [31] [50].”
2.3. 3 Spacer Length or Alkyl Chain Length
“The length of the spacing or length of the alkyl chain indicates the length of the carbon chain that is the backbone of the polymer. The antibacterial effectiveness is affected by the length of the chain, as the longer the chain, the higher the efficacy. It is very reasonable that the effectiveness of antibacterial depends on the length of the spacing and this is due to the change in both the …show more content…
It is also effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Activity against bacteria depends on molecular weight, where the nitrogen atom is associated with the N-alkyl chain. The compounds with alkyl chain in length (12-14) of carbon atoms possess antibacterial activity while alkyl chain in length containing 14-16 carbon atoms give better efficacy against bacteria[52]. It also depends on the electrostatic reactions where the polymer carries a positive charge and the cell wall carries a negative charge and thus generates a hydrophobic tail in the alkyl chain that extends to the nucleus of the bacterial cell where it destroys proteins and bacterial
“Most bacterial cell walls are charged with a negative charge, so most antibacterial polymers must be charged with a positive charge to facilitate the adsorption process. The composition of the counter ion, or polymer-linked ions, is used to balance the charge, it also affects the antibacterial activity. The counter ion has positive charge, which is a strong ion-pair with the polymer will inhibit the antibacterial activity because it will prevent the polymer from interacting with the bacteria. Also, the ions that prevention generation ion-pair, it has a positive effect on antibacterial activity because it allows the polymer to interact freely with the bacteria [31] [50].”
2.3. 3 Spacer Length or Alkyl Chain Length
“The length of the spacing or length of the alkyl chain indicates the length of the carbon chain that is the backbone of the polymer. The antibacterial effectiveness is affected by the length of the chain, as the longer the chain, the higher the efficacy. It is very reasonable that the effectiveness of antibacterial depends on the length of the spacing and this is due to the change in both the …show more content…
It is also effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Activity against bacteria depends on molecular weight, where the nitrogen atom is associated with the N-alkyl chain. The compounds with alkyl chain in length (12-14) of carbon atoms possess antibacterial activity while alkyl chain in length containing 14-16 carbon atoms give better efficacy against bacteria[52]. It also depends on the electrostatic reactions where the polymer carries a positive charge and the cell wall carries a negative charge and thus generates a hydrophobic tail in the alkyl chain that extends to the nucleus of the bacterial cell where it destroys proteins and bacterial