Articulatory Phonetics
THE WORLD OF IDEAS
Empedocles and Democritus - believes that although in the natural world everything ‘flows’, there must be ‘something’ that never changes (the ‘four roots [Empedocles] or the ‘atoms’ [Democritus])
Plato - Believed that everything tangible in nature ‘flows’. - That there are no ‘substance’ that do not dissolve. - Said that, “Everything that belongs to the ‘material world’ is made of a material that time can erode, but everything is made after a timeless ‘mold’ or ‘form’ that is eternal and immutable. (Which means, everything that we can touch will perish or will die; has an ending. But the memory of it remains forever.) - That which is eternal and immutable, to Plato, is therefore not a physical ‘basic substance’. - Plato’s conception was of eternal and immutable patterns, spiritual and abstract in their nature, that all things are fashioned after. (Which means, all things are made because of ideas.) - Pre-Socratics (Time before Socrates): had given a reasonable explanation for HOW these “smallest elements” that were once building blocks in a horse could suddenly whirl together four or five hundred years later and fashion themselves into a completely new horse. - PLATO’S POINT: Democritus’ atoms never fashioned themselves into an “eledile” or a “crocophant”. EXAMPLE: You have a box of lego and you build a lego horse. You take it apart and put the blocks back in the box. How could lego blocks of their own find each other and build themselves into a new horse again? You have to rebuild the horse. And to build it, you should have a picture of what the horse looks like. Model of horse remains unchanged from horse to horse. EXPLANATION: To form a thing, one should have a picture of what that thing looks like. And things do not form on its own, there must be someone who creates it.
( Plato was astonished at the way all natural phenomena could be so alike and he concluded that it had to
Empedocles and Democritus - believes that although in the natural world everything ‘flows’, there must be ‘something’ that never changes (the ‘four roots [Empedocles] or the ‘atoms’ [Democritus])
Plato - Believed that everything tangible in nature ‘flows’. - That there are no ‘substance’ that do not dissolve. - Said that, “Everything that belongs to the ‘material world’ is made of a material that time can erode, but everything is made after a timeless ‘mold’ or ‘form’ that is eternal and immutable. (Which means, everything that we can touch will perish or will die; has an ending. But the memory of it remains forever.) - That which is eternal and immutable, to Plato, is therefore not a physical ‘basic substance’. - Plato’s conception was of eternal and immutable patterns, spiritual and abstract in their nature, that all things are fashioned after. (Which means, all things are made because of ideas.) - Pre-Socratics (Time before Socrates): had given a reasonable explanation for HOW these “smallest elements” that were once building blocks in a horse could suddenly whirl together four or five hundred years later and fashion themselves into a completely new horse. - PLATO’S POINT: Democritus’ atoms never fashioned themselves into an “eledile” or a “crocophant”. EXAMPLE: You have a box of lego and you build a lego horse. You take it apart and put the blocks back in the box. How could lego blocks of their own find each other and build themselves into a new horse again? You have to rebuild the horse. And to build it, you should have a picture of what the horse looks like. Model of horse remains unchanged from horse to horse. EXPLANATION: To form a thing, one should have a picture of what that thing looks like. And things do not form on its own, there must be someone who creates it.
( Plato was astonished at the way all natural phenomena could be so alike and he concluded that it had to