http://www.ducksters.com/history/art/realism.php
The realist movement in French art flourished from about 1840 until the late nineteenth century, and sought to convey a truthful and objective vision of contemporary life. Realism emerged in the aftermath of the Revolution of 1848 that overturned the monarchy of Louis-Philippe and developed during the period of the Second Empire under Napoleon III. Realism was based on direct observation of the modern world.
Names of major artist associated with the movement
Courbet (1819–1877) Courbet was a French artist and a leading proponent of Realism in France. He was one of the first major artists to use art as social commentary
Jean-François Millet (1814–1875) A French Realist painter famous for his paintings of farm peasants.
Honoré Daumier (1808–1879) A French painter who was more famous for his caricatures of famous people while alive. His art became famous after he died.
Rosa Bonheur (1822–1899) favored rural imagery and developed an idealizing style derived from the art of the past, her style also reflects the influence of such Romantic painters as Delacroix and Gericault and the classical equine sculpture from the Parthenon.
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot - A French landscape painter who moved from Romanticism to Realism.
Thomas Eakins - An American Realist painter who painted portraits as well as landscapes. He also painted unique subjects like The Gross Clinic which showed a surgeon operating.
Winslow Homer- An American landscape artist known for his paintings of the ocean.
Edouard Manet - French artist who, at the forefront of French painting, began the movement from Realism to Impressionism.