Assignment on Population Explosion

ASSIGNMENT
Name: - ____________ Date:-__________
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Roll No.:- __________ * Read the following passage properly and answer the questions:- Population Growth Rate | | | | Population growth rate (PGR) is the increase in a country’s population during a period of time, usually one year, expressed as a percentage of the population at the start of that period. It reflects the number of births and deaths during a period and the number of people migrating to and from a country. | | * Population growth rates are much higher in most low- and middle-income countries than in most high-income countries. * There will be more than 1 billion more people in the world in 2015 than there were in 2000 (as population grows from about 6 billion to 7.1 billion), and six out of seven of these people will live in low- and middle-income countries. * Although the population growth rate for developing countries has been decreasing for several decades, the number of people added to the population each year has been increasing because the population base has become larger. * Countries that have a large proportion of their population in their childbearing years often experience population momentum. Even if couples have only enough children to replace themselves when they die, the population will continue to grow and will not stabilize until the younger group ages beyond their childbearing years. * Birth rates tend to fall when parents have access to family planning, health care, education and jobs. * Population growth can make it more difficult to raise standards of living in some countries and can put pressure on the environment resulting in pollution. * Two of the most successful strategies for reducing fertility rates are providing greater access to primary health care and promoting education for girls and women | | . Read and study the text and the definition of population growth rate and answer the following questions. a. What does population growth rate measure? ____________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________ b. Why have death rates and birth rates declined ?____________________________________________________________

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_________________ c. What causes population momentum? What are its consequences ,____________________________________________________________

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________ d. What might be some reasons why women with a basic education tend to have fewer children? ____________________________________________________________

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____________________ e. What does this picture depict. explain with reasons, in brief?____________________________________________________________

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2 . Unemployment is a situation in which employment opportunity is not available to an adult person who is willing to work. It is obvious that when there is decrease in employment and income, purchase of foodstuffs for maintaining health becomes impossible. Such people naturally come below poverty line. As the population grows and along with it poverty and unemployment grows the problems of society also grow .There are more people in a family to share the meager income of sometimes a single breadwinner. More children in poor families means lack of everything e.g. money, food, space, clothes, education, things, sanitation, hygiene, peace. In such families and localities there is quite often anger, fights, beating, shouting, quarrels, crying, breaking of things and sometimes more serious crimes like kidnapping, rape, murder, burning etc. People of such families in need of money and food and things etc. are also exploited by those who use children for anti social activities like forced begging, forced labor, prostitution, committing variety of crimes. They have led a life of want, misery, lack of material things, lack of peace, lack of education, lack of jobs or other employment, lack of hygiene, sanitation medicines and health care, lack of transport and other modern day gadgets.. Being a developing country, the increasing growth rate is dragging India into a vicious cycle of population and poverty, which leads to a development trap. This further increases other problems like illiteracy,pollution and inflation.
Q. Increase in population is the root cause of all problems. explain in brief.
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3.Use the Social Data Table to identify the five most populous countries in 1998 along with their populations, their regions, and their income groups, and fill in the following table: | | Country | 1998 population | Region (millions) | Income group | [China] | [1,239] | [Asia (South & East)] | [low income] | [India] | [980] | [Asia (South & East)] | [low income] | [United States] | [270] | [North & Central America and the Caribbean] | [high income] | [Indonesia] | [204] | [Asia (South & East)] | [middle income] | [Brazil] | [166] | [South America] | [middle income] | | | a. Which two countries had the largest populations_________________________________________________

___________________________ b. To which income group did these two countries belong? ____________________________________________________________

________________ c. Which region had the most countries in the top five most populous nations ____________________________________________________________

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Rate of Increase in Indian Population | Per Year | 1,55,31,000 | Per Month | 12,73,033 | Per Day | 42,434 | Per Hour | 1,768 | Per Minute | 29 |

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Population Change
The world's population is growing very rapidly. In 1820 the world's population reached 1 billion. In 1990 it reached 6 billion people.

This rapid growth in population has been called a population explosion.

The Demographic Transition Model
The Demographic Transition Model attempts to show how population changes as a country develops.
The model is divided into four stages.

Stage 1
Birth rate and death rate are high - low natural increase - low total population
Stage 2
Birth rate is high - death rate is falling - high natural increase (population growth)
Stage 3
Falling birth rate - low death rate - high natural increase (population growth)
Stage 4
Birth rate and death rate is low - low natural increase - high total population
The Demographic Transition Model does not take into account migration. Rank | Country(Percentage of world population) | Area (km2)[a] | Area (sq mi) | % of Total | Notes | 1 | Russia(2.07%) | 17,098,242 | 6,601,668 | 11.5% | The largest country in the world. | 2 | Canada(0.5%) | 9,984,670 | 3,855,100 | 6.7% | The largest country in the Americas and Western Hemisphere. | 3 | People's Republic of China(19.5%) | 9,596,961–9,640,011 | 3,705,407–3,722,029 | 6.4%-6.5% | | 4 | United States(4.52%) | 9,629,091 | 3,717,813 | 6.5% | | 5 | Brazil(2.82%) | 8,514,877 | 3,287,612 | 5.7% | | 6 | Australia(0.33%) | 7,692,024 | 2,969,907 | 5.2% | | 7 | India(17.3%) | 3,201,446–3,287,263 | 1,236,085–1,269,219 | 2.1%-2.3% | | 8 | Argentina(0.59%) | 2,780,400 | 1,073,500 | 2% | | 9 | Kazakhstan(0.24%) | 2,724,900 | 1,052,100 | 1.8% | Largest landlocked country in the world.[13][14] | 10 | Sudan | 2,505,813 | 967,500 | 1.7% | Largest country in Africa and in the Arab World. |