For this extra credit assignment I chose to watch an airing of ESPN SportCenter. The issue which I thought to be a major social problem regarding sport that was addressed in this show was the new found dress code implemented into the NBA that all of the players were to follow. This issue would not be considered so highly controversial if it had simply stated that players wear "business casual" attire when entering and leaving the stadium and when they are engaged in team or league business. The problem came when the dress code included no wearing of medallions, headphones, sunglasses (indoors) and other attire and accessories that a vast number of African American players on teams had been wearing since they began playing in the NBA. This is not to say that Whites did not also enjoy these "luxuries" but the majority of players in the NBA who were seen with medallions and headphones on were of African…
In Yusef Komunyakaa’s poem, "Slam, Dunk & Hook," he reflects on playing basketball in the south during the 50s or 60s. On the surface the poem simply describes a lively game, but through figurative language and…
The NBA of the 70’s greatly differs from what our expectations of today’s league, especially when evaluating the background in which the players came from. Recent statistics show that more than 90% of 70’s NBA players came from urban areas, but when compared to today’s league only about 34% of black players come from families in financial situations (Keating). The question that needs to be asked when observing these statistics is what happened to the league or basketball in general that subsequently pushed poorer players out of the league?…
The movie Hoop Dreams traced a poor young talented African American named Arthur Agee from grade eight to college. Arthur hoped to play professional basketball in the future to help his family to escape poverty. Despite the fact that his family background and the neighborhood he lived in, disadvantaged him to pursue his goal in many ways. Firstly, Arthur is determined to play professional basketball, in order to help out his family. Secondly, his ability to adapt difficult circumstances played a significant role toward his success in basketball. Thirdly, his education value hoping that playing basketball could lead him to a college education. For Author playing basketball, it is not only a fun activity for him, but it also acted as a tool to…
Urbanization in the late nineteenth century caused white middle class Americans to face a crisis of gender, racial and class status (Harris, 2014, p.1). With fear of young men and women absorbing improper values and behaviour from the urban life, middle class reformers developed increasingly sophisticated physical education programs to promote clean sport and the development of character (Harris, 2014, p.2). As an instructor at the YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith was originally tasked with keeping physical education students active through the winter (Harris, 2014, p.3). The goal was to provide them with a challenging, vigorous activity that could be played indoors while still promoting a clean sport, Christian values and the development of courage, which was essential for every true gentleman at the time (Naismith,…
Pat grew up with four siblings, three older brothers named Tommy, Charles and Kenneth, and a younger sister named Linda. Growing up with three older brothers her whole life led Pat to take an interest in athletics at an early age. She loved the game of basketball ever since she was a child and when Pat went into high school she and her family were forced to move from Clarksville to Henrietta due to the fact that Clarksville did not have a women’s basketball team and Cheatham County in Henrietta did. Pat played throughout high school and in her senior year she got into the University of Tennessee-Martin. Although all three of her brothers received athletic scholarships to go to college, Pat did not due to the fact that Title IX was not passed yet and there were no scholarships available for women in 1970. She played on the women’s basketball team at the University of Tennessee which is called the Lady Vols. While studying at the University of Tennessee Pat became a member of a notable sorority called Chi Omega. She also won All-American honors playing under the coaching of the Universities first women’s basketball coach, Nadine Gearin. Being coached by the school’s first women’s basketball coach Nadine Gearin definitely had a strong impact on Pat Summit in becoming a women’s basketball coach as well. At 22 years old Pat Summitt became a graduate assistant at the University of…
Sports in the 1920’s were not only important to how the games themselves were transformed, but also as an impact on America as a whole. The most monumental sports in the era included baseball, boxing, and football. Other sports like Golf and Basketball were in their infant years, as the 20’s marked the beginning of these sports being put onto a small portion of the spotlight. Prior to the Great Depression, the 20’s had begun a booming era in terms of income and jobs. With this peak in the economy, many Americans looked to leisurely activities to spend the excess money they had. Sports were a perfect opportunity for fans and even a common person to develop an interest in a sport. Racism, Media, and iconic sports…
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, sports began to widely popularize America; the analysis of sports in the topics of gender, race, and Americanism reflect broader American society. Through the study of American sports during the historical era of the late 1800s to the early 1900s, one can gain insight on the difference in standards for men and women, the fight between white supremacy and equal rights for blacks, and the process of defining the American identity.…
Overall, I believe the decade of the 1910s and 1920s are quite interesting because many things occurred that left a mark in history. For example, the clothing is something that we will no longer see because it is out of trend. Also, events like World War I, The Treaty Versailles and the Titanic will be events that have some affect towards the recreation and leisure activity of some people because it is something that had a significant impact on society. During this era, I was able to decide, which leisure and recreational activity were most interesting to me, which I was able to discover activities that are commonly seen more in today's time.…
When sports grew during the 1920s the nation grew along with the expansion. Sports can be traced back as far as mankind in any culture and history. Olympic Games were held every four years at Olympia. At the world's greatest event, all of athletes make the great effort to try for medal. It is not only shows strength, but also shows honor of a country. At the same time, the athletes also deserve large sum of money. The roaring 1920s was a time where Americans were living the American dream. The roaring 1920’s was effected by many inventions and a new life that Americans were adapting to. The production of the Model T’s, Baseball, Fashion, and Prohibition affected the 1920s. Americans were learning how to live the life. Sports were the greatest thing that…
In college basketball, alley oops, fancy no look passes, and trash talking, are just some of the things we are now accustomed to today. Before 1991 though, it was all about making the simple plays just to get the ball in the hoop. Before the 90's all players would wear long white socks and short shorts, but now baggy shorts that go to your knees and black socks are in style around the world. What caused these changes to take place? It was a group of college basketball kids called the Fab Five at the University of Michigan. These five phenomenal players brought their own "swag" or style to the court and didn't care how people viewed them. At Michigan, the Fab Five represented a cultural phenomenon that impacted the country in a permanent and…
In the 1800s there was not a high demand for highly trained, educated and experienced athletic directors even though high school sports were expanding. It was not until the late 1890s that the state of Michigan initiated high school sports competition for boys and then the Michigan State Athletic Association was created for years after. This establishment sparked other states like Illinois, Indiana, and New York to create their athletic associations in the early 1900s (Schneider and Stier). By 1920 there was a national organization, consisting of five states, called the National Federation of State High School Athletic Association. Today, all states hold membership in this federation. Sports continued to expand, and the position of athletic…
An issue that is often debated is whether or not sports uniforms worn by women purposefully lead to sexual harassment. Looking at all evidence, my claim is that women’s sports uniforms do not purposefully lead to sexual harassment, due to the fact that uniforms for every sports, including women’s, are made in specific ways. They are made in these ways for maximum movement and flexibility, for sex appeal, and to keep up with cultural norms. All of these reasons come from a variety of sports.…
The attire worn in the photograph also visualizes how the people in the 1920’s were dressed. Al Capone was an American Gangster who inspired men to dress in the 3 piece suits. Men that were FBI agents and Gangsters both dressed this way. Women wore corsets and dresses with heels to dances. Men and women attire started to change as the years went by, and by the 1920’s both genders were dressing in a different way that described the 1920’s as “the roaring 20’s”.…
The first men to ever play basketball were a bit skeptical of the game to begin with, and basketball was seen as just “[a]nother new game” (Fox 15). However, author Larry Fox says, “The game was an immediate success … Word of the game began to spread around the campus. Before long the secretaries found themselves playing in front of an audience of fellow students”…