BGS FINAL EXAM 3
BGS FINAL EXAM 3
Ch 9: Business in Politics
The Universe of Organized Business Interests:
Peak associations
Represent many different companies and industries
Most prominent group to represent a business
Examples: U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)
Trade Associations
Represent companies grouped by industry
Virtually every industry has one
Act as early warning systems; hold training conferences, perform research
More than 6,000
Washington Office
Typically set up by large companies
Specialize in lobbying for specific needs of that company
More than 700 corporations
Office coalition
Allies may be diverse and leverage support
Allies may oppose each other on other issues
A combination of business interests- including:
Corporations, trade associations and peak associations, united to purse a political goal
Lobbying and Lobbying Methods:
Lobbying
Advocating a position in government
Fulfill 2 functions:
Provide useful technical data to lawmakers
Provide information about constituent and interest group feelings
To be effective, must defend proposal based on public benefit, not corporate interest
Could misinform, but run risk of losing access
Loosely regulated because of First Amendment rights
Free speech and right to contact government officials
Antibribery laws and dollar limits on gifts do exist
Lobbying Methods
Practice and engage in the “art of persuasion”
Grassroots lobbying
Create perception of public support (or lack of support)
Technique of generation an expression of public , or “grassroots”, support for the position of a company, industry, or any interest
Contact lobbying
Direct interaction with government officials or staff in meetings, phone calls, or email
Presenting the clients case face to face is most affective
Background lobbying
Indirect lobbying activity designed to build friendly relations with lawmakers, officials, and staff
Other Methods Include:
Direct contact
Public relations –
Ch 9: Business in Politics
The Universe of Organized Business Interests:
Peak associations
Represent many different companies and industries
Most prominent group to represent a business
Examples: U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)
Trade Associations
Represent companies grouped by industry
Virtually every industry has one
Act as early warning systems; hold training conferences, perform research
More than 6,000
Washington Office
Typically set up by large companies
Specialize in lobbying for specific needs of that company
More than 700 corporations
Office coalition
Allies may be diverse and leverage support
Allies may oppose each other on other issues
A combination of business interests- including:
Corporations, trade associations and peak associations, united to purse a political goal
Lobbying and Lobbying Methods:
Lobbying
Advocating a position in government
Fulfill 2 functions:
Provide useful technical data to lawmakers
Provide information about constituent and interest group feelings
To be effective, must defend proposal based on public benefit, not corporate interest
Could misinform, but run risk of losing access
Loosely regulated because of First Amendment rights
Free speech and right to contact government officials
Antibribery laws and dollar limits on gifts do exist
Lobbying Methods
Practice and engage in the “art of persuasion”
Grassroots lobbying
Create perception of public support (or lack of support)
Technique of generation an expression of public , or “grassroots”, support for the position of a company, industry, or any interest
Contact lobbying
Direct interaction with government officials or staff in meetings, phone calls, or email
Presenting the clients case face to face is most affective
Background lobbying
Indirect lobbying activity designed to build friendly relations with lawmakers, officials, and staff
Other Methods Include:
Direct contact
Public relations –