the foreign DNA successfully inserted can be easily identified from the nonrecombinants based on the colour difference of colonies on growth media.…
An example of a mutualism in a koala bear is the bacteria in the koalas stomach. This bacteria allows koala bears to get their food without dying from the poison in the leaves. An example of commensalism is the relationship between the koala bear and the eucalyptus tree. The koala bear uses the tree for shelter, and a place to hide from predators. Commensalism is present due to the koala bear benefitting from the tree and the eucalyptus tree is a neutral…
Organism two is yeast, which is apart of the fungi kingdom, evident due to its small circular transparent cells. Organisms in the fungi kingdom are mostly multicellular eukaryotes that reproduce both sexually and asexually. Fungi are also heterotrophs, meaning they gain energy from the consumption of other organisms. Organism three is a Daphnia which is a common water flea with a transparent body. Daphnias are apart of the Animalia kingdom, making it eukarya. Organisms in the kingdom Animalia are also multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs and reproduce sexually. Organism four is a paramecium which is a single-celled eukaryote with an evident nucleus in the center of the cell. Parameciums are apart of the Protista kingdom and are mostly unicellular eukaryotes. Organisms such as parameciums in the Protista kingdom also reproduce both sexually and asexually while also being both heterotrophs and autotrophs. Lastly, organism five, also known as Euglena, is a unicellular eukaryote that is also apart of the Protista kingdom. Euglenas also reproduce asexually and are…
Excellent work! A cell goes from diploid (2N) to haploid (1N) during meiosis I when pairs of homologous chromosomes split apart into different daughter cells. This haploid condition continues during meiosis II when sister chromatids split apart during the formation of four daughter cells.…
3. Formation of gametes, which fuse to produce diploid zygotes. The zygotes undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores that grow back into the fungal hyphae.…
7) Kingdom Fungi includes species 7) under Eukarya, decompose dead organisms, obtain nutrients into cell…
The basic unit of Fungi is a hypha which is a hollow tube. The hypha threads spread out over and into the food material making a visible mesh or mycelium. Some fungi form together to create toadstools. They spread by releasing spores into the environment. A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its nutrients from or at the expense of its host. Parasites are different from bacteria or viruses because their cells share many features with human cells.…
Meiosis is an important part of the life cycle that gives rise to the genetic variation in offsprings. Meiosis in fungi differs from those in plants and animals. Fungi are composed of hyphae, which are tubules that make up the frame. These hyphae together form a clump or a mat that is the mycelium (Campbell, 637). The hyphae are key to fungus reproduction. Typically fungi produce large amounts of spores through either sexual or asexual reproduction. Fungal hyphae are normally haploid. When two fungi mate, the hyphae fuse together. The movement of the two fungal nuclei into one cytoplasm is known as dikaryon. Next, the cells go into karyogamy. The two nuclei fuse and provide diploid cells. These newly produced cells then go through mitosis and meiosis that cultivate spores (Campbell, 639). The spores are called ascopores and are found in a saclike structure that is the ascus. The spores germinate and form hyphae (Campbell, 64)…
Do an Internet search for a microscopic image of baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ascomycota). Answer the following questions:…
Mutualism- (+/+ interaction), is an interspecific interaction that benefits both species example a bee pollinated a flower (bee can make honey, flower can reproduce)…
Hyphae branch and fuse during growth of the fungus to form a network of cells called a mycelium. During the sexual phase, cell fusion results in the formation of a single-celled, diploid zygote encased in an ascus (plural, asci). Within the ascus, each single-celled zygote undergoes meiosis and gives rise to four haploid cells. These haploid cells then undergo a single round of mitotic division and give rise to a total of eight haploid ascospores with thick cell walls in each ascus. Many of these rod-shaped asci, each with eight ascospores, are held together in a protective, flask-shaped perithecium.…
Zygomycota may be more commonly as mold found on bread and fruits. They are both sexual and asexual; its main characteristic is zygospores. To reproduce sexually, two mating strains conjugate and create a zygospore. Zygospores are enclosed in a thick resistant cell wall that stores nutrients and reproduce sexually in a favorable environment. They live in terrestrial habitats, in soil or on plants or animals and obtain nutrients from decaying organisms. When the vegetative part of the fungus absorbs nutrients, it reproduces asexually producing sporangiospores. Although zygomycota has a negative impact on food, it’s also used to ferment some foods.…
A common and widespread symbiosis occurs between terrestrial plants and fungi that colonize their roots; this is called "mycorrhizae.” Unlike pathogenic fungi that cause disease, mycorrhizal fungi benefit the plant in several ways. These fungi germinate from spores in the soil to form thin threadlike structures called hyphae, which grow into the roots of plants. Once the roots are colonized, the fungal hyphae grow out from the root to explore the soil beyond the reach of the roots, gathering essential mineral nutrients and transporting them into the plant, increasing its growth. In return, the plant provides carbohydrates as a food source for the fungus. Mycorrhizal symbiosis occurs in about 80 percent of all plant species. It is essential to many plants in low-nutrient environments because their roots alone are incapable of absorbing enough of some essential minerals such as phosphorus. The symbiosis is essential to the fungus because,…
31. Molds and mushrooms are similar in the process of reproduction. They both reproduce asexually through the process of sporulation. Why these organisms reproduced anywhere?…
Only nervous tissue is well defined in cnidarians. Radial animals have an oral (mouth) surface and an opposite (non-mouth) aboral surface but no dorsal or ventral surfaces, no anterior or posterior ends, nor left and right sides. Most radial animals are carnivorous and have tentacles for capturing prey that project around their tentacles and mouth up are termed polyps; pelagic species that float or swim in open water project their tentacles and mouth down are termed…