Biology Quiz
Exam 1 Study Guide
1) What is biology? the scientific study of life
2) Which of the following is not a property of life?
A) Populations of organisms are unable to change over time.
B) Living things exhibit complex but ordered organization.
C) Organisms respond to environmental stimuli.
D) Organisms take in energy and use it to perform all of life's activities.
E) Organisms reproduce their own kind.
3) What are the two main processes that ecosystems depend upon? nutrient cycling and energy flow
4) Which of the following structures can perform all the activities required for life? cells
5) Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are usually ______. larger and more complex
6) Which domain(s) …show more content…
consist(s) of prokaryotic cells? Bacteria and Archaea
7) Which of these is most closely associated with Darwin? natural selection
8) What accounts for the different breeds of domesticated dogs? artificial selection
9) What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-driven science?
Discovery science is mostly about describing nature, whereas hypothesis-driven science tries to explain nature.
10) A hypothesis is a(n) ______. tentative explanation
11) How do hypotheses differ from theories? Theories are more comprehensive than hypotheses.
12) ______ is an example of an element. Carbon
13) An atom with a positive charge has ______. more protons than electrons
14) All atoms of an element have the same number of ______. protons
15) Isotopes of an element have the same number of ______ and different numbers of ______. protons . . . neutrons
16) Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has ______ electrons in its outermost electron shell. 5
17) The bond between oppositely charged ions is a(n) ______ bond. ionic
18) The hydrogens and oxygen of a water molecule are held together by ______ bonds. covalent
19) Sweating cools your body by ______. evaporative cooling
20) Sugar dissolves when stirred into water. The sugar is the ______, the water is the ______, and the sweetened water is the ______. solute . . . solvent . . . solution
21) A base ______. removes H+ ions from a solution
22)What name is given to substances that resist changes in pH? buffers
23) A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ______ covalent bond(s). 4
24) The following molecule is best described as a ______.
CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2
hydrocarbon
25) What name is given to the following reaction? sucrose + water → glucose + fructose hydrolysis
26) Complete the equation: monosaccharide + monosaccharide → ______ + water
disaccharide
27) Animals store carbohydrates as ______. glycogen
28) What name is given to the following reaction? glycerol + 3 fatty acids → triglyceride + 3 water molecules
dehydration reaction
29) By definition, what type of fatty acid has double bonds? unsaturated
30) Saturated fats are saturated with ______. hydrogen
31) ______ is a steroid.
Estrogen
32) Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers. amino acid
33) Amino acids include a side group as well as ______. a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxyl group 34) The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure. primary
35) A protein's function is dependent on its ______. shape
36) DNA nucleotides include ______. thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine
37) How does RNA differ from DNA? RNA contains one less —OH than does DNA
38) What theory states that all living things are composed of cells? cell theory
39) The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______. prokaryotic . . . eukaryotic
40) One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells. have membrane-bound organelles, which are lacking in
41) ______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes. Phospholipids
42) Where does protein synthesis take place? on ribosomes 43) Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? protein modification
44) Lysosomes are responsible for
______. digestion of organic matter inside the cell
45) Vacuoles are ______. membranous sacs
46) Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ______. cell wall and central vacuole
47) Chloroplasts and mitochondria are ______________ organelles. energy producing
48) Total magnification is the objective magnification added to the eyepiece magnification. False
49) What are two parts that control the amount of light on our compound microscopes? iris diaphragm and rheostat
50) Which objective lens magnifies 40X? high power
1) What is biology? the scientific study of life
2) Which of the following is not a property of life?
A) Populations of organisms are unable to change over time.
B) Living things exhibit complex but ordered organization.
C) Organisms respond to environmental stimuli.
D) Organisms take in energy and use it to perform all of life's activities.
E) Organisms reproduce their own kind.
3) What are the two main processes that ecosystems depend upon? nutrient cycling and energy flow
4) Which of the following structures can perform all the activities required for life? cells
5) Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are usually ______. larger and more complex
6) Which domain(s) …show more content…
consist(s) of prokaryotic cells? Bacteria and Archaea
7) Which of these is most closely associated with Darwin? natural selection
8) What accounts for the different breeds of domesticated dogs? artificial selection
9) What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-driven science?
Discovery science is mostly about describing nature, whereas hypothesis-driven science tries to explain nature.
10) A hypothesis is a(n) ______. tentative explanation
11) How do hypotheses differ from theories? Theories are more comprehensive than hypotheses.
12) ______ is an example of an element. Carbon
13) An atom with a positive charge has ______. more protons than electrons
14) All atoms of an element have the same number of ______. protons
15) Isotopes of an element have the same number of ______ and different numbers of ______. protons . . . neutrons
16) Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has ______ electrons in its outermost electron shell. 5
17) The bond between oppositely charged ions is a(n) ______ bond. ionic
18) The hydrogens and oxygen of a water molecule are held together by ______ bonds. covalent
19) Sweating cools your body by ______. evaporative cooling
20) Sugar dissolves when stirred into water. The sugar is the ______, the water is the ______, and the sweetened water is the ______. solute . . . solvent . . . solution
21) A base ______. removes H+ ions from a solution
22)What name is given to substances that resist changes in pH? buffers
23) A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ______ covalent bond(s). 4
24) The following molecule is best described as a ______.
CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2
hydrocarbon
25) What name is given to the following reaction? sucrose + water → glucose + fructose hydrolysis
26) Complete the equation: monosaccharide + monosaccharide → ______ + water
disaccharide
27) Animals store carbohydrates as ______. glycogen
28) What name is given to the following reaction? glycerol + 3 fatty acids → triglyceride + 3 water molecules
dehydration reaction
29) By definition, what type of fatty acid has double bonds? unsaturated
30) Saturated fats are saturated with ______. hydrogen
31) ______ is a steroid.
Estrogen
32) Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers. amino acid
33) Amino acids include a side group as well as ______. a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxyl group 34) The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure. primary
35) A protein's function is dependent on its ______. shape
36) DNA nucleotides include ______. thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine
37) How does RNA differ from DNA? RNA contains one less —OH than does DNA
38) What theory states that all living things are composed of cells? cell theory
39) The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______. prokaryotic . . . eukaryotic
40) One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells. have membrane-bound organelles, which are lacking in
41) ______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes. Phospholipids
42) Where does protein synthesis take place? on ribosomes 43) Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? protein modification
44) Lysosomes are responsible for
______. digestion of organic matter inside the cell
45) Vacuoles are ______. membranous sacs
46) Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ______. cell wall and central vacuole
47) Chloroplasts and mitochondria are ______________ organelles. energy producing
48) Total magnification is the objective magnification added to the eyepiece magnification. False
49) What are two parts that control the amount of light on our compound microscopes? iris diaphragm and rheostat
50) Which objective lens magnifies 40X? high power