Biology: Study Guide
Unit 1. Homeostasis and Integument 1. Define what is meant by homeostasis in living systems a. Homeostasis = Body wisdom
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Steady state * Homeostasis keeps us healthy * The means by which organisms (our body) maintain a constant internal environment in spite of fluctuations in the external environment. * This means humans have narrow limits we have to keep. 1. Body temp 2. Water content * Our blood contains 92% water and has to maintain it 2. Describe how homeostasis is maintained. * By negative feedback * Like hormones 3. Example…. There is a Female hormone called Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) which tells the ovaries to do one thing only and that is to produce a group of hormones called estrogens. 4. If the body produces too much estrogen it will cause breast, ovary, cervical, and all different types of cancers….this is bad! 5. Too little estrogen will cause the female not me feminized 6. So when the brain receives the negative feedback signal, it stops producing FSH.
3. Describe the relationship between cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Cells→ Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems
* Cells- Basic unit of life * Tissues- 2 or more cells in the same place. * Organs- 2 or more tissues in the same place * Organ systems- 2 or more organs
Integument system 4. Identify the four major tissues found in the human body. * All tissues are made of living cells * 1. Epithelial tissue * Where?...Outer layer of skin and lines the internal cavities, covering body surfaces and lining hollow cavities * Function?... Protection * 2. Connective Tissue * Functions?.... Protectors, connect and support. * Characteristics… all connective tissue contains living cells, surrounded by nonliving non-cellular matrix…..examples of connective tissues are blood, bone, cartilage.
* 3. Muscle
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Steady state * Homeostasis keeps us healthy * The means by which organisms (our body) maintain a constant internal environment in spite of fluctuations in the external environment. * This means humans have narrow limits we have to keep. 1. Body temp 2. Water content * Our blood contains 92% water and has to maintain it 2. Describe how homeostasis is maintained. * By negative feedback * Like hormones 3. Example…. There is a Female hormone called Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) which tells the ovaries to do one thing only and that is to produce a group of hormones called estrogens. 4. If the body produces too much estrogen it will cause breast, ovary, cervical, and all different types of cancers….this is bad! 5. Too little estrogen will cause the female not me feminized 6. So when the brain receives the negative feedback signal, it stops producing FSH.
3. Describe the relationship between cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Cells→ Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems
* Cells- Basic unit of life * Tissues- 2 or more cells in the same place. * Organs- 2 or more tissues in the same place * Organ systems- 2 or more organs
Integument system 4. Identify the four major tissues found in the human body. * All tissues are made of living cells * 1. Epithelial tissue * Where?...Outer layer of skin and lines the internal cavities, covering body surfaces and lining hollow cavities * Function?... Protection * 2. Connective Tissue * Functions?.... Protectors, connect and support. * Characteristics… all connective tissue contains living cells, surrounded by nonliving non-cellular matrix…..examples of connective tissues are blood, bone, cartilage.
* 3. Muscle