Biology Test Notes
BIOLOGY TEST NOTES
Biology is the study of life
Living organisms share a set of characteristics that collectively set them apart from non-living matter
Living organisms use molecules that contain instructions for building other molecules
Living organisms gather energy and materias from their surrounding to:
Build new biological molecules
Grow in size
Repair their parts
Produce offspring
All organisms are composed of the same macromolecules (proteins, fatty acids/lipids, carbs and nucleic acids)
All organisms engage in metabolism
Marinating internal balance in response to the environment is known as homeostasis
The cell is an organized chemical system that includes many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane
The cell is the smallest until with the capacity to live and reproduce independently or as part of a multicellular organism.
A virus is not a cell
A virus is an infectious agent that contains either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.
Prokaryotic (Eubacteria, Archebacteria)
Eukaryotic (Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protists)
Prokaryotes are the most diverse of cells
EXTREMOPHILES- live in very inhospitable environments.
Methanogens (convert CO2 &H2 to CH4)
Acidophiles (live in low pH)
Thermophiles (live in extreme temperatures)
Cells are the lowest level of biological organization that can survive and reproduce, many single cells, such as bacteria and protozoans exists as unicellular organisms.
Classification System: Humans (Homo sapiens)
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chrodata
Class Mammalia
Order Primata
Family Hominidae
Genus Homo
Species Sapiens
First name is genus, second name is species.
Three domains are Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya
Bacteria: Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms
Archaea: Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms, live in extreme environments.
Eukarya: eukaryotic organism, including plants, animals, fungi and protistans.
Classification includes information from DNA sequences.
Biology is the study of life
Living organisms share a set of characteristics that collectively set them apart from non-living matter
Living organisms use molecules that contain instructions for building other molecules
Living organisms gather energy and materias from their surrounding to:
Build new biological molecules
Grow in size
Repair their parts
Produce offspring
All organisms are composed of the same macromolecules (proteins, fatty acids/lipids, carbs and nucleic acids)
All organisms engage in metabolism
Marinating internal balance in response to the environment is known as homeostasis
The cell is an organized chemical system that includes many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane
The cell is the smallest until with the capacity to live and reproduce independently or as part of a multicellular organism.
A virus is not a cell
A virus is an infectious agent that contains either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.
Prokaryotic (Eubacteria, Archebacteria)
Eukaryotic (Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protists)
Prokaryotes are the most diverse of cells
EXTREMOPHILES- live in very inhospitable environments.
Methanogens (convert CO2 &H2 to CH4)
Acidophiles (live in low pH)
Thermophiles (live in extreme temperatures)
Cells are the lowest level of biological organization that can survive and reproduce, many single cells, such as bacteria and protozoans exists as unicellular organisms.
Classification System: Humans (Homo sapiens)
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chrodata
Class Mammalia
Order Primata
Family Hominidae
Genus Homo
Species Sapiens
First name is genus, second name is species.
Three domains are Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya
Bacteria: Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms
Archaea: Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms, live in extreme environments.
Eukarya: eukaryotic organism, including plants, animals, fungi and protistans.
Classification includes information from DNA sequences.