Bios275 - Week1
Chapter 1
3. Describe the three medical uses for drugs and give examples. Preventive Use – prevents diseases, conditions: Example - Birth control Diagnostic Use – drugs used by themselves or with radiologic procedures to provide evidence of illness: Example - Radiopaque contrast dyes used during x-ray procedures. Therapeutic Use – Control, improve, or cure symptoms of a disease: Example – Insulin, Antibiotics.
4. Give the meaning of and describe the linguistic origin of the symbol Rx. The symbol Rx, which comes from the Latin word recipe, meaning take, indicates a prescription, the combining of ingredients to form a drug.
5. Give the name of a drug in current usage that originated from the natural sources listed below. a. Foxglove - Lanoxin b. Sheep’s wool - Lanolin c. rose hips – Vitamin C d .poppy - Morphine e. mold - Penicillin f. periwinkle - vica Chapter 2
4. Describe four ways in which a new drug can be discovered or created. a. A totally new chemical can be discovered in the environment, from plants, from animals, from the ocean, or from the soil.
Example: The chemotherapy drug Taxol was originally derived from the needles of the Pacific yew tree b. A totally new chemical can be derived from molecular manipulation of a drug that is already in use. An isomer is a drug that has the same chemical formula c. A totally new chemical can be created through genetic manipulation. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, (also known as gene splicing or genetic engineering) d. Stem cell therapy
7. What types of drug characteristics/effects are studied during each of the three phases of human testing of a drug prior to FDA approval? Phase I – Pharamacokinetics is studied. Phase II – Theraputic effect on individuals with disease intended to treat Phase III – Performance of drug administered as intended once on market. Compared with other drugs currently on market for same illnesses. 8. How do computers assist in the
3. Describe the three medical uses for drugs and give examples. Preventive Use – prevents diseases, conditions: Example - Birth control Diagnostic Use – drugs used by themselves or with radiologic procedures to provide evidence of illness: Example - Radiopaque contrast dyes used during x-ray procedures. Therapeutic Use – Control, improve, or cure symptoms of a disease: Example – Insulin, Antibiotics.
4. Give the meaning of and describe the linguistic origin of the symbol Rx. The symbol Rx, which comes from the Latin word recipe, meaning take, indicates a prescription, the combining of ingredients to form a drug.
5. Give the name of a drug in current usage that originated from the natural sources listed below. a. Foxglove - Lanoxin b. Sheep’s wool - Lanolin c. rose hips – Vitamin C d .poppy - Morphine e. mold - Penicillin f. periwinkle - vica Chapter 2
4. Describe four ways in which a new drug can be discovered or created. a. A totally new chemical can be discovered in the environment, from plants, from animals, from the ocean, or from the soil.
Example: The chemotherapy drug Taxol was originally derived from the needles of the Pacific yew tree b. A totally new chemical can be derived from molecular manipulation of a drug that is already in use. An isomer is a drug that has the same chemical formula c. A totally new chemical can be created through genetic manipulation. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, (also known as gene splicing or genetic engineering) d. Stem cell therapy
7. What types of drug characteristics/effects are studied during each of the three phases of human testing of a drug prior to FDA approval? Phase I – Pharamacokinetics is studied. Phase II – Theraputic effect on individuals with disease intended to treat Phase III – Performance of drug administered as intended once on market. Compared with other drugs currently on market for same illnesses. 8. How do computers assist in the