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Biracial Identity

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Biracial Identity
Running head: BIRACIAL, MULTIRACIAL IDENTITY, WHO AM I?

Biracial, Multiracial Identity, Who am I?
Adrienne Anderson
North Carolina Central University
CON 5360.01
Dr. Kyla Kurian
June 17, 2009

Abstract
Biracial, Multiracial, What are you? Who are you? What do you have in you? It is quite difficult labeling me as a black African female; I’d imagine it is much more complex to define who you are when your heritage is comprised of many different cultures. How does one define who they are when this is the case? Does one embrace one culture and deny another? As the President of the United States does Barack Obama deny his one culture to give African Americans that point that we need for overcoming yet another hurdle of adversity? Does Tiger Woods the famous golf player embrace his own cultures or does he chose to say I’m black and I’m proud? As a biracial child whom should they embrace, whom should they deny?
What is biracial and multiracial? The term being biracial is defined as; of, relating to, or involving members of two races (biracial (2009), In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.) Multiracial is defined in a similar façade, which is being composed of, involving, or representing various races. The mere term race in a noun form is defined as a breeding stock of animals,; family tribe, people, or nation belonging to the same stock, or a class of people unified by shared interest, habits, or characteristics. So how does one identify who they are when the true definition of race is classifying one as livestock or animal? Do we continue to dehumanize ourselves by choosing to pick a category? Quite simple yes! Society at large demands it! The government demands it! So now tell me what are you?

Introduction
Multicultural education has become a very important issue in this day and age. Diversity in the United States will become increasingly reflected in our country’s schools (Banks & Banks, 2003). According to the US Department of Education (The Condition



Cited: biracial. (2009). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved June 17, 2009, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/biracial US Bureau of the Census Tatum D. The Complexity of Identity: “Who am I?” Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? And Other Conversations About Race. New York: Basis Books, 2003:18–28. Burt JM, Halpin G. African American Identity Development: A Review of the Literature. Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association. New Orleans, LA: Auburn University, 1996. American Anthropological Association. Statement on race. http://www.aaanet.org/stmts/racepp.htm. Access date: October 16, 2008. Vandiver B, Cross Jr W, Worrell F, Fhagen-Smith P. Validating the Cross Racial Identity Scale. J Counsel Psychol. 2002;49(1):71–85. Clauss-Ehlers CS. Race and Ethnicity: Diversity Training for Classroom Teaching—A Manual for Students and Educators, First Edition. New York: Springer Science+ Business Media, Inc., 2006:51–65.. Miville M. Biracial identity. In Jackson Y (ed). Encyclopedia of Multicultural Psychology, First Edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc., 2006:77–78. Rockquemore K, Laszloffy TA. Moving Beyond Tragedy: A Multidimensional Model of Mixed-Race Identity,Raising Biracial Children, First Edition. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press., 2005:1–17. Milan S, Keiley M. Biracial youth and families in therapy: issues and interventions. J Marital Fam Ther. 2000; 26:305–366. Choi Y, Harachi TW, Gillmore M, Catalano RF. Are multiracial adolescents at greater risk? comparisons of rates, patterns, and correlates of substance use and violence between monoracial and multiracial adolescents. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2006;76(1):86–97. Poston WSC. The biracial identity development model: a needed addition. J Counsel Devel. 1990;69:152–155. Solsberry PW. Interracial couples in the United States of America: Implications for mental health counseling. J Mental Health Counsel. 1994;16:304–317. Nash R. Everything You Need to Know About Being a Biracial/Bi-ethnic Teen. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 1995. Wright MA. I’m Chocolate, You’re Vanilla: Raising Healthy Black and Biracial Children in a Race Conscious World. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1998:242–244. Alba, R. D. (1990). Ethnic identity: The transformation of White America. NewHaven, CT:Yale University Press. Aries, E., & Moorehead, K. (1989). The importance of ethnicity in the development of identity of Black adolescents. Psychological Reports, 65, 75-82. Athanases, S. (1998, June). Diverse learners, diverse texts: Exploring identity and difference through literary encounters

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