A new school for girls was opened in a larger village in Northern Pakistan, and the teachers were proud to have convinced many families in the surrounding villages to allow their daughters a basic education. The school was a success, and the 6-10 year olds girls quickly learned how to read and write and were even instructed in the sciences. However, 2 weeks before summer break, many of the girls and the teacher developed breathing problems that included severe coughing. Throat swabs were collected from the girls and sent to a laboratory in the next larger city for investigation.…
Pertussis is a respiratory tract infection that is very contagious. It got its name because of the sharp high-pitched intake of air that makes a “whooping” sound that follows a fit of coughs. It was originally considered a childhood disease but now it affects those children that are too young to have completed vaccination and those who have slowly lost the immunity to it. This can cause death in infants, which is why pregnant women should be vaccinated against it. Whooping cough is caused by the bacteria called Bordetella pertussis. It produces many virulence factors including the pertussis toxin and since it can be transmitted through droplets, it can go from person to person making it highly contagious. When the infected person coughs or sneezes, the droplets in the air can be taken in by anyone nearby.…
Whooping cough is a communicable disease. Due to the nature of whooping cough being highly contagious, an outbreak of the disease can be serious and affect a large amount of people in a…
It is often thought that whooping cough is an outdated disease, due to the many ways we now have to combat the pathogen, but every year almost 400,000 people die due to infection with Bordetella pertussis (1, 41). Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium, which causes whooping cough in humans (1, 41). The bacterium is spread by air borne particles or mucus droplets and is highly contagious. Although there is no known reservoir for the pathogen humans can often be asymptomatic, due to vaccination or immunity, and can easily spread the disease from person to person through coughing or sneezing (1, 41). Once inhaled the pathogen enters the respiratory tract and attaches to the ciliated respiratory epithelium. There…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Also known as TB, tuberculosis bacteria attacks the lungs in most cases but can attack other parts of the body. If not treated properly tuberculosis can be fatal. Tuberculosis is an airborne bacterium spread from person to person. According to the CDC, Center for Disease Control, “TB bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings”("Tuberculosis facts," 2012, p. 1). Tuberculosis cannot be spread by touching an infected person, sharing food or drink, sharing toothbrushes, or from kissing. Transmission has not changed throughout the centuries.…
The outer membrane of Borrelia burgdorferi is composed of various unique outer surface proteins (Osp) and are thought to play a role in virulence. Osp A and Osp B are by far the most abundant outer surface…
Pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing. The coughing can make it hard to breathe. A deep "whooping" sound is often heard when the patient tries to take a breath.…
articles. The infection is also spread by the fecal-oral route. Children and sometimes adults tend to…
It is very important to know how infections are spread so we can stop children, staff becoming sick. Children should be taught how germs spread and how to stop this. It a direct transfer of bacteria, viruses and germs. This can occur when a individual with the virus touches, coughs and sneezes and runny noses on people who are not infected.…
Pertussis (Whooping cough) is an extremely contagious, respiratory disease, which is caused by the bacterium Bordetella. It is estimated that around 200 infants under the age of 6 months who contract whooping cough will die from pneumonia or brain damage. The disease is spread by airborne droplets from the upper respiratory tract (when the infected person coughs or sneezes) and is highly contagious.…
The contributing factors that spread pertussis from person to person are lack of knowledge as well as lack of access to care. Some of the people in the community are not aware that pertussis spreads through droplets. The community must be educated on proper hygiene to prevent the spread of pertussis Proper hygiene includes: covering your mouth, washing your hands, and throwing used tissues away. Lack of access to care can be prevented by providing information for free clinics in the community. Additionally, those in the community have religious or cultural reasons why they may not want to get immunized. Providing education to the community about the risks and benefits will ensure the prevention of pertussis.…
Pertussis, or as some call it whooping cough, is a well-known childhood respiratory infection that is caused by the bacterium bordetella pertussis (CDC). When an individual attempts to inhale air, the noise that is produced due to the inflamed and swollen laryngeal structures is where the name Whooping cough originates from. When someone exhibits vomiting while coughing, high fever, trouble while breathing, and or cyanosis they may be affected by…
This activity was the part of my clinical rotation at Streamwood behavioral hospital. My role in this activity was to present current issues in health care system and educates other heath care providers regarding those issues. The topics I presented in P&T committee meeting were: Liquid docusate mix up concern, efficacy of basimglutant in major depressive disorder and crash cart drug mix up. So, I communicated important information regarding liquid docusate mix up with Burkholderia cepacia, up to date investigation data from FDA and alternative options for that medication until problem solves out. I did presented new clinical trial done on efficacy of basimglutant for usage in major depressive disorder and answered all the question that audience…
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. This respiratory disease that in most common in the lungs. (World Health Organization, 2014). Other parts of the body are affected by TB is the brain which causes tuberculosis meningitis, genitourinary TB, gastrointestinal TB, tuberculosis lymphadenitis, cutaneous TB, Uterus ovarian TB and Osteo articular skeletal bone and joint TB(articles base, 2008). It is curable and preventable. TB is contagious and is transmitted through the air from a person with the active respiratory disease and then another person inhale this infectious droplet. Active TB symptom from the lung are coughing, and with bloody sputum present sometimes, weakness, chest pain, fever, weight loss and night sweats. Once the germs enter the air it takes only a few of them to infect another person (World Health Organization, 2014). People with active TB usually have positive TB skin test and blood test. The chest x-ray is usually positive and positive sputum culture (Centered for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012).…
Pertussis is an important communicable disease in which we must be aware of, it is exceedingly contagious. The main sign that one portrays when this disease is present is uncontained aggressive coughing, which can lead to difficulty in breathing to some individuals. Whooping cough is also another name for pertussis mainly because a whooping sound is heard when the patient tries to breath. Pertussis, is an upper respiratory infection caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacteria. Common cold like symptoms occur about a week after exposure to Bordetella pertussis bacteria. The whoop noise is rare in patients under 6 months of age and in adults.…