A new school for girls was opened in a larger village in Northern Pakistan, and the teachers were proud to have convinced many families in the surrounding villages to allow their daughters a basic education. The school was a success, and the 6-10 year olds girls quickly learned how to read and write and were even instructed in the sciences. However, 2 weeks before summer break, many of the girls and the teacher developed breathing problems that included severe coughing. Throat swabs were collected from the girls and sent to a laboratory in the next larger city for investigation.…
Common sources of infection include food, water, sick people (colds and flu or winter vomiting virus etc.), animals and poor housing…
It is often thought that whooping cough is an outdated disease, due to the many ways we now have to combat the pathogen, but every year almost 400,000 people die due to infection with Bordetella pertussis (1, 41). Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium, which causes whooping cough in humans (1, 41). The bacterium is spread by air borne particles or mucus droplets and is highly contagious. Although there is no known reservoir for the pathogen humans can often be asymptomatic, due to vaccination or immunity, and can easily spread the disease from person to person through coughing or sneezing (1, 41). Once inhaled the pathogen enters the respiratory tract and attaches to the ciliated respiratory epithelium. There…
In this article, I am going to illustrate some common causes of infection transmission in home, hospital, and community.…
These improving factors include but are not limited to preventative measures of controlling infectious disease, immunizations, safer and healthier foods, and a cleaner environment. Public health has helped decrease hospital infections and diseases from spreading in numerous ways. One important contribution public health has implement is the education of hand washing in hospitals and with food handling as well. By educating people about hand washing, it has decreased transmission of bacteria from spreading to patient to patient. Proper steps such as lathering hands with soap, rubbing hands together for 15 seconds, using a clean paper towel to dry hands and lastly turning off water with a paper towel has help prevent transmission of multiple bacteria from…
The most important way to reduce the spread of infections is hand washing - always wash regularly with soap and warm water. Also important is to get a vaccine for those infections and viruses that have one, when available.…
The ways they are transmitted are, blood-borne, air-borne, water-borne, contact, sexual contact, vector, and, food-borne. With all these different and very common types of diseases being transmitted to people all around the world, it is very important to make sure people go to check ups with their doctors frequently, and if you think you have some of the symptoms of the disease, to get tested to see if you have it, so it doesn't spread to even more people. With all diseases there is always a patient zero, which means the first person who had the disease. It is important to know who this patient zero is, so you are able to track how many people have been in contact with people and from there how many of those secondary people who made contact with patient zero have been in contact with anyone else. So it ends up making a sort of tree graph of all the people who have or could have the…
Immunity to pertussis appears to wane during childhood. Peak susceptibility appears to be during early adolescence. Adults do not seem to be at greater risk than adolescents for developing the disease, but it seems unlikely that this is due to better immunity. Rather, it is related to a lower risk of exposure to pertussis and a lower rate of progression to symptomatic disease when adults are infected.…
You have different community partners and health care providers that work with people to discuss the pros and cons of the infectious diseases. We all should work together to prevent the spreading of any kind of germ. This can be something as simple as washing your hands more frequently throughout the day. You would also use vaccines and medicines to prevent and treat infectious diseases.…
2.5 Identify the key factors that will make it more likely that infection will occur…
The Communicable Diseases Branch develops policy to help with the surveillance, prevention, and control of communicable diseases. As well as advising the Government about individual diseases and immunisation. The branch also works to ensure the safety of donated blood supplies, to prepare disease outbreak plans, and to monitor disease levels elsewhere in the world. The prevention of infection includes, standards precautions such as; Hand Hygiene, Use of personal protective equipment (PPE): gloves, aprons, eye protection, face masks etc.Handle and dispose of sharps safely, Dispose of contaminated waste safely, managing blood and body fluids: spillages etc, and Place patients with infections in appropriate accommodation. These are some prevention methods which could be used to control infections from spreading. Controlling communicable diseases is important to public based individuals in improving their health by keeping them away from spreading germs and illnesses. Also, the government and the local authorities as it is their job to ensure that the public is protected from such infectious diseases which are becoming a major of the illnesses.…
Board, A.D.A.M. Editorial. Pertussis. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 8 Aug. 2011. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.…
Pertussis, or as some call it whooping cough, is a well-known childhood respiratory infection that is caused by the bacterium bordetella pertussis (CDC). When an individual attempts to inhale air, the noise that is produced due to the inflamed and swollen laryngeal structures is where the name Whooping cough originates from. When someone exhibits vomiting while coughing, high fever, trouble while breathing, and or cyanosis they may be affected by…
Pertussis is an important communicable disease in which we must be aware of, it is exceedingly contagious. The main sign that one portrays when this disease is present is uncontained aggressive coughing, which can lead to difficulty in breathing to some individuals. Whooping cough is also another name for pertussis mainly because a whooping sound is heard when the patient tries to breath. Pertussis, is an upper respiratory infection caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacteria. Common cold like symptoms occur about a week after exposure to Bordetella pertussis bacteria. The whoop noise is rare in patients under 6 months of age and in adults.…
Every day, people come in contact with diseases. Opening a door, shaking hands, kissing, purchasing and consuming food, all require touch and involve the exchange of bacteria. Prior to inoculating people with a weakened version of diseases, the mortality rate was much higher, especially among infants. Vaccines are administered to protect the masses from diseases and outbreaks that can spread through these exchanges, such as bubonic plague. Despite staggering evidence in favor of inoculation, vaccines are a highly controversial subject- especially the vaccination of young children.…