In Lefebvrian terms;
Abstract space is produced through two major processes, each of them “doubled”. First, modernity is shaped by an intensified commodification of space, which imposes a geometric grid of property relations and property markets on the earth and an intensified commodification through space, which involves the installation of economic grids of capital circulation by means of which abstract space inscribes abstract labour and the commodity form. Second, modernity is shaped by a heightened bureaucratization of space, whereby each administrative system “maps out its own territory, stakes it and signposts it”, and a heightened bureaucratization …show more content…
Marriage Strict Endogamy Still prevailing but changes witnessed (cross marriages) due to the influence from outside world.
3. Religion Ancestral spirit and clan tribal worship. Recent influences of Hinduism and Christianity can be seen.
4. Economy Foraging, MFP collecting, hunting, shifting cultivation (self-sustained economy) Working in tea-coffee estates, construction sites in plains and moving to other states. Farming practice reduced (moving towards a market base economy)
5. Music Kogalu ( a traditional folk shawm), para, Thapattai etc. Influence of modern cinema songs and use of audio-stereo sets in their ceremonies.
6. Food Ragi, Samai, Tinai, Dhall, maize, castor. Getting addicted to ration rice provided freely by govt. public distribution system and their other food/cooking products ( political bureaucracy).
7. Cooking Method. Healthy Fire wood cooking Coming of free gas stove and even cylinders in some houses.
8. Crops ( edible foods) Ragi, Pandi (tinai), Cholam, Kambu, Horse gram, Honey, Thuvarai, Sundakkai. (use-value based). Called as the parambara-payiru of the Irulas. Banana, Pepper, Tea, Coffee, chillies, Beans, Raddish, Carrot, Biblikai. (produced for exchange-value), use value products diminishing. Known as Pana-payir.(cash crops / other …show more content…
Middle-men and the forward societal movement of the Badagas1,have highly influenced the Irulas to abandon their culture and imitate an illusionary realm of unreachable spectacle. Spatial practice hence “the practice of repressive society, very much tends to confine time to productive labour time, simultaneously to diminish living rhythms by defining them in terms of rationalized and localized gestures of divided labour…” (Lefebvre 408).
Framework of the Modern Production- Relations, and its Means of Production in the context of Nilgiri Irulas in Contributing to the Production of their Space:
As the production of space valourizes, abstract space continuous to expand its territory as new realm of neo-capitalism. It acts or serves to be the tool(s) of the representation (elite controls, ie.. representation of space, where ideologies are created). It relies on repetitiveness, reproducibility, exchange and large scale homogeneity.
Means of production: {In concrete