CAM C4
C4 and CAM ESSAY A. C4 and CAM plants are plants that use certain special compounds to gather carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) during photosynthesis. Using these compounds allows these plants to extract more CO 2 from a given amount of air, helping them prevent water loss in dry climates. CAM and C4 plants are similar with the exception that CAM only opens up the stomata's at night. They both photosynthesis at the same rate for the majority at a time and are tolerate to heat. Plus C4 closes their stomata's during hot summer weather and when the water is scarce. B. How C3 differs from C4 (CAM is C4 with the timing of the stomata shifted)C3 plants are slow because they use rubisco & natural rates of diffusion of both H2O & CO2 gases.
C4 plants speed up the diffusion rate of CO2 by -pulling- it into storage at a slight cost by providing PEPCase for an assisted rate of diffusion as a first step to C3 RuBisCo carboxylase process. The C4 plants use as little as 25% of the total transpired volume of water from a C3 plant to fix the same amount of carbon. CAM changes how the stomate opening is timed so the gases are exchanged at night, and the CO2 is sequestered by the C4 pathway. Time delay plus physical C4 style CO2 storage are added to C3 carbon PEPCase in mesophyll before RuBisCo as the secondary carboxylase. C3 photosynthesis rate is slower than C4 because it happens in cooler temperatures . This means C3plants fix less carbon per year. C. Both C4 and CAM photorespire because photorespiration is an inate property of the enzyme RUBPcarboxylase. In both CAM and C4 plants CO2 is first 'fixed' into C4 organic acids and then CO2 is released to dive the RUBPCase reaction either in the bundle sheath cells (C4) under high CO2 conditions or at night (CAM). Because C3, CAM and C4 pathways ultimately fix carbon via RUBPCase (either as the first step for C3 or the second fixation for C4 and CAM), they all have some level of
C4 plants speed up the diffusion rate of CO2 by -pulling- it into storage at a slight cost by providing PEPCase for an assisted rate of diffusion as a first step to C3 RuBisCo carboxylase process. The C4 plants use as little as 25% of the total transpired volume of water from a C3 plant to fix the same amount of carbon. CAM changes how the stomate opening is timed so the gases are exchanged at night, and the CO2 is sequestered by the C4 pathway. Time delay plus physical C4 style CO2 storage are added to C3 carbon PEPCase in mesophyll before RuBisCo as the secondary carboxylase. C3 photosynthesis rate is slower than C4 because it happens in cooler temperatures . This means C3plants fix less carbon per year. C. Both C4 and CAM photorespire because photorespiration is an inate property of the enzyme RUBPcarboxylase. In both CAM and C4 plants CO2 is first 'fixed' into C4 organic acids and then CO2 is released to dive the RUBPCase reaction either in the bundle sheath cells (C4) under high CO2 conditions or at night (CAM). Because C3, CAM and C4 pathways ultimately fix carbon via RUBPCase (either as the first step for C3 or the second fixation for C4 and CAM), they all have some level of