1. What activities and practices of Enron’s management team do you believe were unethical and/ or illegal?…
1. Based on Alex Gibney’s film version of the rise and fall of Enron, do you accept Joel Bakan’s argument that the corporation shows “psychopathic” traits?…
Before this weeks study I knew the Atlantic slave trade had a wide reach but the slave trade database brought my understanding to a new level. An unfathomable number of lives were loss and families torn about by lowering a human being to nothing more than an animal or property. The lives of the slaves were seen as disposable and many did not even survive the voyage by sea. Through our study of the Trans-Atlantic database I was able to learn how far the slave trade stretched and the number of human beings were taken and imprisoned to work while being tortured mentally and physically against their will paints a bleak picture of what this period in history was like by mans moral standards. “It is difficult to believe in the first decade of the twenty-first century that just over two centuries ago, for those European’s who thought about the issue, the shipping of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic was morally indistinguishable from shipping textiles, wheat, or even sugar.” (Eltis,…
Carol Off’s book Bitter Chocolate is similar to her other written works. Off’s novels usually expose a political issue involving inequality. In her excerpt from Bitter Chocolate, titled “Cocoa on Trial”, Off exploits the inequalities inside the chocolate industry. Even after the slave trade laws have been abolished people were experiencing horrendous conditions. From Angola to the cocoa plants in Sao Tome, Africans were treated like slaves. The main idea of this chapter revolves around big cocoa businesses and moral disengagement. These businesses do not care about the well-being of others, but more about their costs and profits. When greed or competition set in people can treat others unfairly, and not feel much remorse.…
Customers can watch the process of making chocolate covered pretzels from raw cacao (Visible factory)…
Nestle is criticized for their commercial relation with their West African cocoa suppliers because the small family farms use children for work. In addition, it is more criticize because it is children of poor and desperately family. The work it is hard and very dangerous. The writer of this article use the term “Child labor free”, this expression remembers African slaves. We see to that the world’s largest food company are criticized for the long time action for mended this very bad action and reputation for a brand like Nestle.…
cacao bean. It would be used for physical and spiritual nourishment. They would treasure cacao and integrate it in their religion, as well as part of their currency. A slave would be the equivalent to 100 cacao beans (“Chocolate” 1). These first chocolatelovers would not create chocolate bars, but instead make a coarse paste where they would grind the cacao bean with spices, water and chilies to create either a hot or cold frothy beverage (Ziegler 402).…
Once upon a time, there was a gleaming headquarters office tower in Houston, with a giant Tilted ―E‖ in front, slowly revolving in the Texas sun. Enron‘s suggested to Chinese feng shui practitioner Meihwa Lin a model of instability, which was perhaps an omen of things to come. The Enron Corporation, which once ranked among the top Fortune 500 companies, collapsed in 2001 under a mountain of debt that had been concealed through a complex scheme of offbalance –sheet partnership. Forced to declare bankruptcy, the energy firm laid off four thousand employees; thousand more lost their retirement saving, which had been invested in Enron stock. The company‘s shareholders lost tens of billions of dollars after the stock price plummeted. The scandal surrounding Enron‘s demise engendered a global loss of confidence in corporate integrity that continues to plague markets, and eventually it triggered though new scrutiny of financial reporting practices. To understand what went wrong, we‘ll examine the history, culture, and major players in the Enron scandal . ENRON’S HISTORY The Enron Corporation was created out of the merger of two major gas pipeline companies in 1985. Through its subsidiaries and numerous affiliates, the company provided products and services related to natural gas, electricity, and communications for its wholesale and retail customer. Enron transported natural gas through pipelines to customer all over the United States. It generated, transmitted, and distributed electricity to the northwestern United States, and marketed natural gas, electricity, and other commodities globally. It was also involved in the development, construction, and operation of power plants, pipelines, and other energy-related projects all over the world, including the delivery and management of energy to retail customers in both the industrial and commercial business sectors. Throughout the 1990s, Chair Ken Lay, chief executive…
The filming started in Cologne, Germany, where he asked vendors where their chocolate comes from and if they know whether or not child labor is used in the production of their chocolate. After the chocolate companies deny that child labor or trafficking exist. Mistrati goes undercover and most of the film is recorded using a hidden video camera. He travels to Mali where children are rumored to be taken and transported to the Ivory Coast. Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world with little to no export. Mistrati discovered that children around the ages of 10-15 were being taken daily from Mali and transported to the Ivory Coast. A child can be bought for as little as 230 Euros with out haggling. The majority of the children that are taken are never paid any wages at all and are beaten if they work to slow or try to refuse to work. The Ivory Coast is where 42% of all cocoa beans come from. Mistrati then travels to the Ivory Coast to visit the cocoa plantations where he finds several children working on these plantations. In 2001, the Chocolate Manufacturers Association signed a document called the Harkin-Engel Protocol that was suppose to eliminate child trafficking and the use of all child labor by 2008. Child labor and trafficking are illegal according to the Harkin-Engel Protocol.…
This documentary raised many questions in my mind. I wonder if these children were white children being transported from America, these big chocolate companies will show so little concern? How is it that these companies are knowingly supporting child slavery and child abduction and they are not being punished? Is it because these are poor, black children from Africa that the problem is being ignored?…
Enron was one of the world’s leading energy traders born from deregulation of these markets in certain US states. It rapidly grew and the world followed suit. It was nominated ‘World’s Most Innovative Large Corporation’ six years in row and valued at 64 times its earnings and 6 times its book value. It had one of the highest paid CEOs in the world in 2000. It led an aggressive and apparently effective expansion model from its creation in 1985, as an interstate pipeline operator based in Houston, until secret cracks split wide open and the corporation was engulfed in a dramatic implosion. The climb to greatness took all of fourteen years, its fall was brief and brutal. On 02 December 2001, Enron filed for bankruptcy.…
* How might increasingly volatile cocoa bean commodity prices impact retail prices and sales performance?…
Ariosto, D. (2012). Hershey pledges $10 million to improve West African cocoa farming, fight child labor. http://thecnnfreedomproject.blogs.cnn.com/2012/01/31/hershey-pledges-10-million-to-improve-west-african-cocoa-farming-fight-child-labor/: CNN.…
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report. Chocolate comes from cocoa beans, and more than half of those beans come from two countries in West Africa. . But the situation is not all sweetness for poor cocoa farmers in Ivory Coast and neighboring Ghana. The United States has announced ten million dollars for renewed efforts to end the worst forms of child labor in the cocoa industry in those countries. The grant will support efforts to reduce poverty so parents do not have to depend on the labor of their children. Another aim is to give children more access to education. The money will go toward a new "Framework of Action" related to an international agreement from two thousand one. That agreement is called the Harkin-Engel Protocol. American Senator Tom Harkin and Representative Elliott Engel led negotiations with the chocolate and cocoa industries. The Department of Labor announced the grant in September, along with seven million dollars promised by the international cocoa industry. The governments of Ghana and Ivory Coast have also promised resources and policy support for the new efforts. Kevin Willcutts is an official in the Labor Department's Office of Child Labor. KEVIN WILLCUTTS: "We’re at a point in time when we think we have a real opportunity because with the signing of this joint declaration, the parties are coming together and saying that we share a common commitment to address the situation and to offer children better hope for the future through education." Daan de Vries is with Utz Certified, a program that tries to create a fair marketplace for agricultural products. Mr. de Vries says some crops are grown closer to cities because they must be processed quickly. But he says crops like cocoa and coffee are often grown in very rural areas with more poverty and less…
La mayoría de fabricantes de chocolate utilizan granos de cacao que se producen en los campos de Costa de Marfil y Ghana, ubicados en el lado oeste de África; muchos niños son utilizados como esclavos por los campesinos para cosechar los granos, a su vez estos son maltratados y obligados a vivir en condiciones precarias; todo ello con la finalidad de tener mano de obra barata para disminuir sus costos de mano de obra.…