First off, you could name a dozen reasons why the French Revolution was started, but, I decided to name one key factor for the cause. The Financial Crisis. The decadence of the monarchy, along with other factors like war and poor harvests, led to an extreme financial crisis in France during the second half of the 18th century. People were going hungry and it appeared as if the monarchy just continued to spend carelessly. At the time of the Revolution, Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI were known for spending carelessly. Marie Antoinette is frequently credited with callously saying, "Let them eat cake" in response to finding out that Parisians were starving. However, it is probably more accurate to say that she was totally unaware of the people's suffering. Louis XVI further added fuel to the fire by dismissing financial ministers who tried to bring about reform. As you would probably guess, this made the people furious because their rights were being demolished by a King. In turn, this would be one of the major causes the French Revolution.
Secondly, the effects of the French Revolution not only had long-lasting consequences for France, but also for the rest of the world as Europe saw a rising middle class and Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power. You could also name a dozen effects that the French Revolution had on the people and the country, but, once again I chose one key factor for the effect. The Reign of Terror. While the goal of the French Revolution was in fact to establish a more democratic government that represents all people as opposed to just the wealthy and the aristocracy, the result really ended up being relative chaos. The Reign of Terror, largely administered by Danton and Robespierre, saw the beheading of many members of