Changing Spatial Patterns Of Residential Areas

III. Benefits of the model Burgess described the changing spatial patterns of residential areas as a process of "invasion" and "succession" . As the city grew, Burgess also observed that the CBD would cause it to expand outwards; this in turn forced the other rings to expand outwards as well. More recently sub-business centers have grown up in outlying zones. Burgess indicated that “the Chicago of yesterday, an agglomeration of country towns and immigrant colonies, is under-going a process of reorganization into a centralized decentralized system of local communities coalescing into sub- business areas visibly or invisibly dominated by the central business district” . The particularly critical point in this theory is that these rings are
The problem of CBD area is very severe. Due to the limitation of space, the land value is high and buildings here are tall and high density. Few people actually live in this area, but lots of people go shopping, working here. Functional areas are too concentrated, which will lead traffic congestion because of too many cars. Many local authorities have tried to solve the problem of too many cars by only allowing pedestrians in certain areas of the CBD. Also, many have built suburban railway, subway, flyovers and bypasses to relief the traffic pressure. Even, some cities have congestion fees to keep vehicles out of the CBD. Multicenter city is very essential to give people more choices. As for the booming of large out-of- town shopping centers, some parts of the CBD have become run down and caused urban decay. Water, land and air pollution and high noise are very common in the city center due to heavy traffic, large numbers of workers and nearby heavy industry. The same pollution problem exists in transition zone because of old housing and light manufacturing industry. This are dates back to the industrial revolution when it filled with coal-fired factories and high-density housing. The lower classes, unassimilated immigrants, artists, and the young and the restless, lived in the slums, badlands, submerged regions, immigrant colonies, and underworlds of the zone of transition. This will lead to security problems in the region. As for the problem of inner city, large parts of inner cities were in decay by the 1960’s and 1970’s because of poor quality housing with a lack of space, a decaying environment with pollution, and unemployment due to the closure of the old-fashioned industries. To solve those problems, we need to restart everything and redevelopment comprehensively unless the local authorities were able to renewal the current housing to make it fit for modern