Chemistry Paper
Copper toxicity
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search Copper toxicity | Classification and external resources | A Kayser-Fleischer ring, copper deposits found in the cornea, is an indication the body is not metabolizing copper properly. | ICD-10 | T56.4 | ICD-9 | 985.8 | MedlinePlus | 002496 |
Copper toxicity refers to the consequences of an excess of copper in the body. Copper toxicity can occur from eating acid foods cooked in uncoated copper cookware, or from exposure to excess copper in drinking water or other environmental sources. Contents * 1 Toxicity * 2 Symptoms and presentation * 3 EPA cancer data * 4 Treatment * 5 Cookware * 6 Non-sparking tools * 7 Drinking water * 8 Water tank connection * 9 Pathophysiology * 9.1 Indian childhood cirrhosis * 9.2 Wilson 's disease * 9.3 Alzheimer’s disease * 10 Marine life * 11 Bacteria * 12 References |
Toxicity
Copper in the blood exist in two forms: bound to ceruloplasmin (85–95%) and the rest "free" loosely bound to albumin and small molecules. Free copper causes toxicity, as it generates reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. These damage proteins, lipids and DNA.[1]
Symptoms and presentation
Acute symptoms of copper poisoning by ingestion include vomiting, hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hypotension (low blood pressure), melena (black "tarry" feces), coma, jaundice (yellowish pigmentation of the skin), and gastrointestinal distress.[2] Individuals with glucose-6-phosphate deficiency may be at increased risk of hematologic effects of copper.[2] Hemolytic anemia resulting from the treatment of burns with copper compounds is infrequent.[2]
Chronic (long-term) effects of copper exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.[3] Mammals have efficient mechanisms to regulate copper stores such that they are generally protected from excess dietary copper levels.[3]
The U.S.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search Copper toxicity | Classification and external resources | A Kayser-Fleischer ring, copper deposits found in the cornea, is an indication the body is not metabolizing copper properly. | ICD-10 | T56.4 | ICD-9 | 985.8 | MedlinePlus | 002496 |
Copper toxicity refers to the consequences of an excess of copper in the body. Copper toxicity can occur from eating acid foods cooked in uncoated copper cookware, or from exposure to excess copper in drinking water or other environmental sources. Contents * 1 Toxicity * 2 Symptoms and presentation * 3 EPA cancer data * 4 Treatment * 5 Cookware * 6 Non-sparking tools * 7 Drinking water * 8 Water tank connection * 9 Pathophysiology * 9.1 Indian childhood cirrhosis * 9.2 Wilson 's disease * 9.3 Alzheimer’s disease * 10 Marine life * 11 Bacteria * 12 References |
Toxicity
Copper in the blood exist in two forms: bound to ceruloplasmin (85–95%) and the rest "free" loosely bound to albumin and small molecules. Free copper causes toxicity, as it generates reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. These damage proteins, lipids and DNA.[1]
Symptoms and presentation
Acute symptoms of copper poisoning by ingestion include vomiting, hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hypotension (low blood pressure), melena (black "tarry" feces), coma, jaundice (yellowish pigmentation of the skin), and gastrointestinal distress.[2] Individuals with glucose-6-phosphate deficiency may be at increased risk of hematologic effects of copper.[2] Hemolytic anemia resulting from the treatment of burns with copper compounds is infrequent.[2]
Chronic (long-term) effects of copper exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.[3] Mammals have efficient mechanisms to regulate copper stores such that they are generally protected from excess dietary copper levels.[3]
The U.S.
References: 1. ^ a b Brewer GJ. (2010). Copper toxicity in the general population. Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;121(4):459-60. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2009.12.015 PMID 20071223 2 7. ^ EPA results for copper and cancer. Accessed March 11, 2011 8 15. ^ Brewer GJ (February 2007). "Iron and copper toxicity in diseases of aging, particularly atherosclerosis and Alzheimer 's disease". Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 232 (2): 323–35. PMID 17259340. 17. ^ Faller P (2009-12-14). "Copper and zinc binding to amyloid-beta: coordination, dynamics, aggregation, reactivity and metal-ion transfer". Chembiochem 10 (18): 2837–45. doi:10.1002/cbic.200900321. PMID 19877000. 18. ^ Hureau C, Faller P (2009 Oct). "Abeta-mediated ROS production by Cu ions: structural insights, mechanisms and relevance to Alzheimer 's disease". Biochimie 91 (10): 1212–7. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2009.03.013. PMID 19332103. 20. ^ C. A. Flemming and J. T. Trevors (1989). "Copper toxicity and chemistry in the environment: a review". Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 44 (1-2): 143–158. doi:10.1007/BF00228784. 21. ^ Prociv P (September 2004). "Algal toxins or copper poisoning--revisiting the Palm Island "epidemic"". Med. J. Aust. 181 (6): 344. PMID 15377259.