Liberty University
Steps in Scientific Method
The scientific method is a tool that enables a person to seek out new knowledge, or correct and integrate new knowledge. It is composed of eight individual steps: which start out with defining a question, gathering information and resources, form an explanatory hypothesis, test the hypothesis by performing an experiment and collecting data in a reproducible manner, analyze the data, interpret the data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for new hypothesis, publish results, and ends with a retest. The steps can be grouped into four different essential elements: operation, observation, model, and utility function.
The first step in the scientific method is asking a question. Questions are developed through worldviews. There are four components of a worldview that can form questions. The first component is cosmology; the explanation of the world is a worldview that is focused on where a person came from. The teleology explanation of the world is a worldview that is focused on purpose and meaning. The epistemology explanation of the world is a worldview that is focused on knowledge and truth. The last component is axiology, which says the explanation of the world is focused on morality and values.
After developing a question, the next step is to gather information and resources. Previous knowledge and beliefs determine the process of gathering information. Belief is not in and of itself truth; it is an assumption of what is true. The truth perceived by a person is interpreted by the person’s belief. Each person’s worldview rests on what the person believes is “truth.” If a person’s epistemological worldview is to believe in the Bible to already be true than knowledge from the Bible can be revealed.
Once a question is formed and information is gathered regarding the question, the next step is to form a testable hypothesis. A hypothesis can be tested through three different