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Civil War Reconstruction

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Civil War Reconstruction
Introduction
1. Background
From 1861 to 1865 the United States was embroiled in an internal conflict that divided the country. This conflict fundamentally changed the life of people of both the South and the North. It upheld the unification of the state and abolished the slavery.
Lasting impact had been made on American society. For decades after the war, Northern Republicans "waved the bloody shirt," brought up wartime casualties as an electoral tactic. Memories of the war and Reconstruction held the segregated the South together as a Democratic block—the "Solid South"—in national politics for another century. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s had its neoabolitionist roots in the failure of Reconstruction. Ghosts of the conflict still
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The two sides equipped themselves with the latest military weapons, which accelerate the development of modernized war. It was the first time in the history that both sides used armor ships, landmines, torpedoes and submarines. What’s more, the railway and telegram played very important roles in the war, which was also the first time that train was used as an implement of the war. From then on, the train was widely used as a transportation to serve people on every aspect.
2. Structure
The Civil War was a national redefinition. It was America’s critical moment and a turning point in the history of America. The results of the war were far greater than the Union victory. The Civil War affected the political, economic, social and cultural ideologies of the United States and these changes affected every men and woman for years to come.
This essay will mainly focus on the impact brought by the Civil War through these four main aspects: political effects, economic effects, social effects and cultural effects.
2.1 Political
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Many historians viewed the war as a turning point in American economic history, among which was Charles Beard, who labeled the war “Second American Revolution,” claiming that "at bottom the so-called Civil War - was a social war, ending in the unquestioned establishment of a new power in the government, making vast changes - in the course of industrial development, and in the constitution inherited from the Fathers" (Beard and Beard 1927: 53). Not only did the Civil War remove the biggest obstacle for the development of American capitalism, but also created favorable conditions for later economic

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