Barton was born on December 25, 1821 in North Oxford, Massachusetts. At the young age of 3, Barton was sent to school. She first tended her injured brother Daniel, she later found a passion to be helpful. She became a teacher at 15, and opened her own school.
During Barton’s middle life, she served as an independent nurse and first saw combat, in Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1862. Barton was known as the “Angel of the Battlefield,”