Compressors

THERMODYNAMICS
ENR TECH 3TD3

COMPRESSOR TYPES AND APPLICATIONS
PROJECT

INSTRUCTOR: DR. REYAD AL-TAIE DATE: JUNE 26, 2013

Contents
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I. Introduction………………………………………......3
II. Thermodynamics Properties………...….……………5
III. Thermodynamic Laws……………………………….6
IV. Compression Cycles…………………………………7
V. Ideal Positive Displacement Compressor Cycle……………8
VI. Ideal Dynamic Compressor Cycle.......………………9
VII. Compressor Types……………………………...……9
VIII. Centrifugal Compressor……………………...….…..9
IX. Centrifugal Compressor Types……………………...10
X. Compressors with Horizontally-split Casings……....10
XI. Multistage Compressors………………………...…..11
XII. Effect of Variation in Flow Rate on Stage Coupling..11
XIII. Axial-flow compressors……………………………..11
XIV. Reciprocating compressors………………………….12
XV. Rotary screw compressors………………..................13
XVI. Rotary vane compressors……………………………13
XVII. Scroll compressors…………………………………..13
XVIII. Diaphragm compressors……………………………..14
XIX. Air bubble compressor(Trompe)…………………….15

Introduction:

Compressors fall into that category of machinery that is ‘‘all around us’’ but of we are little aware. We find them in our homes and workplaces, and in almost any form of transportation we might use. Compressors serve in refrigeration, engines, chemical processes, gas transmission, manufacturing, and in just about every place where there is a need to move or compress gas.
By definition, compressors are intended to compress a substance in a gaseous state. In predicting compressor performance and calculating the loads on the various components, we need methods to predict the properties of the gas. Process compressors are used to compress a wide range of gases over a wide range of conditions. There is no

References: ………………………………………………………...……………………….. 1. Gas Properties and Compressor Data, Ingersoll-Rand Company Form 3519D. 2. Edmister, Wayne C.,Applied Hydrocarbon Thermodynamics, Gulf Publishing,1961, L.of C. 61-17939. 3. Reid, Robert C., John M., Prausnitz, and Bruce E. Poling, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 4th Ed., McGraw Hill, ISBN 0-07-051799-1. 4. Gas Processors Suppliers Association, Engineering Data Book, Volume I, Section 7, Fig. 5. 7-9, Typical K & C Factors For Sizing Woven Wire Demisters, p. 7-7. Reprinted with permission. 6. http://www.wikipedia.org/ 7. API STANDARD 618, ‘‘Reciprocating Compressors for General Refinery Services.’’ API, 3rd Ed., February 1986. 8. Boyce, M.P,, Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook, Second Edition, Butterworth-Hienemann 2003