Connecting Dots

Connecting the Dots: Understanding the Theories and Theorists
Directions: Refer to Chapter 1 in Developmental Profiles and to the lecture notes for more information on all the theories of child development. The points possible for each question are listed next to each question. (30 points total)

1. Name the four essential needs every child must have to thrive developmentally. Give an example of each need. (12 points)
The four essential need that every child must have to thrive development are : 1. Physical needs : Personal hygiene ; washing hands, brushing teeth, and bathing. For example In my program I wash children’s hands all the time before and after lunch and after recess. 2. Psychological needs : Security and trust , familiar surroundings with family and teachers. For example at the arrival I give them hugs to make the transition easy. 3. Learning needs : An appropriate match between a child’s abilities and the learning materials. For example I provide them challenging materials without causing excessive frustration. 4. Need for respect and self-esteem : A supportive environment in which the child’s efforts are encouraged and approved. For example respecting all the children and treat them equally when I talk to them.

How are the essential needs related? Give a detailed example. (2 points)
All four needs are related to each other one can not be completed without other. For development one should need the shelter, sufficient food , protected and lovable family . Adults who can be the role models and give appropriate material to challenge their skills and support them in positive way and give them rewarding enforcement.

2. Choose which theorist/ theory from the list below describes the child’s development in the scenario. Only one theory per scenario. You will use each theory only once.(14 points total)
Scenarios
__D___ An infant has developed a strong attachment to his care giver and cries when she leaves a the end of the day.
_G____ A one year old takes her first steps after pulling up and standing on the shelf.

__F___ A two year old picks up a wooden block and pretends it is a telephone.

_C____ To encourage her son to tie his own shoes, she shows him step by step and then watches and coaches to help him succeed.

_B____ An infant cries each night and her parents come into her room to comfort her.

__A___ A child is delayed in his development but is able to attend a community preschool which promotes his growth and development while also supporting his impoverished family.

__E___ A preschooler is interested in exploring the garden outside his home. He uses small shovels and magnifying glass to see the snails.

Theories
A. Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Bio-ecological Theory
B. B.F. Skinner’s Behaviorism
C. Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development
D. Erik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man
E. Maria Montessori
F. Jean Piaget’s Stages of Intellectual Development
G. Arnold Gesell’s Maturational Theory

3. Provide the correct APA citation for the textbook you used for this assignment. (2 points)
Marotz, L. R. & Allen, K.(2013). Developmental Profiles: Pre-Birth through adolescence (7th ed.).Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Name:

Foundations of Child Development
Revised May 2012