Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
Characteristics of connective tissues • Extracellular matrix separates cells • Most widely variable of tissues • Many varied functions • Common (mesenchyme) origin • Degrees of vascularity
Functions • Binding • Suport • Protection • Insulation • Transport
Structural Elements • Fibers ⁃ Collagen (white) fibres ⁃ Elastin (yellow) fibers ⁃ Reticular fibers • Ground substance ⁃ Amorphous material fills space between cells and contains fibers ⁃ Holds fluids ⁃ Acts as molecular sieve ⁃ Consists of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins "glue", proteoglycans • Cells ⁃ Each class of connective tissue has a fundamental cell type that exists in an immature and mature form ⁃ Undifferentiated cell gets suffix "blast" i.e chronoblast, they are actively mitotic, secrete fibers and ground subtance ⁃ Once the cells synthesise the matrix they assume their less active mature mode indicated by suffix "cyte" i.e. lymphocyte
Summary
Fibers
Ground Substance
Cells
Collagen
Interstitial fluid
Immature form "blast"
Elastin
Cell adhesion proteins "glue"
Mature form "cyte"
Reticular
Proteoglycans
Types of connective tissue • All consist of cells surrounded by matrix • Differences reflect cell type, finer type and the proportion of matrix contributed by fivers • These differences determine connective tissue classes and their subgroups ⁃ General (fibrous) connective tissue "proper" ⁃ Specialised Connective tissues (skeletal - bone and cartilage, adipose, lymphoid, blood)
Cells found in 'Prototype' Connective Tissue • FIbroblasts • Adipocytes (fat cells) • Cells which migrate from blood ⁃ WBC ⁃ Other cells concerned with tissue response to injury
Connective Tissue Proper
Two subgroups - classification mainly based on finer arrangement and density: • Loose CT ⁃ Areolar ⁃ Reticular • Dense CT ⁃ Dense regular ⁃ Dense irregular
Connective Tissue Proper
Characteristics of connective tissues • Extracellular matrix separates cells • Most widely variable of tissues • Many varied functions • Common (mesenchyme) origin • Degrees of vascularity
Functions • Binding • Suport • Protection • Insulation • Transport
Structural Elements • Fibers ⁃ Collagen (white) fibres ⁃ Elastin (yellow) fibers ⁃ Reticular fibers • Ground substance ⁃ Amorphous material fills space between cells and contains fibers ⁃ Holds fluids ⁃ Acts as molecular sieve ⁃ Consists of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins "glue", proteoglycans • Cells ⁃ Each class of connective tissue has a fundamental cell type that exists in an immature and mature form ⁃ Undifferentiated cell gets suffix "blast" i.e chronoblast, they are actively mitotic, secrete fibers and ground subtance ⁃ Once the cells synthesise the matrix they assume their less active mature mode indicated by suffix "cyte" i.e. lymphocyte
Summary
Fibers
Ground Substance
Cells
Collagen
Interstitial fluid
Immature form "blast"
Elastin
Cell adhesion proteins "glue"
Mature form "cyte"
Reticular
Proteoglycans
Types of connective tissue • All consist of cells surrounded by matrix • Differences reflect cell type, finer type and the proportion of matrix contributed by fivers • These differences determine connective tissue classes and their subgroups ⁃ General (fibrous) connective tissue "proper" ⁃ Specialised Connective tissues (skeletal - bone and cartilage, adipose, lymphoid, blood)
Cells found in 'Prototype' Connective Tissue • FIbroblasts • Adipocytes (fat cells) • Cells which migrate from blood ⁃ WBC ⁃ Other cells concerned with tissue response to injury
Connective Tissue Proper
Two subgroups - classification mainly based on finer arrangement and density: • Loose CT ⁃ Areolar ⁃ Reticular • Dense CT ⁃ Dense regular ⁃ Dense irregular
Connective Tissue Proper