Constitutional Differences Between The Federation And The Federal System

A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity. The central government is supreme, and the administrative divisions exercise only powers that the central government has delegated to them. Units are created and abolished, and their powers may be broadened and narrowed by the central government. They don't have independent legislative and judicial powers.
In federal systems, political authority is divided between two autonomous sets of governments, both of which operate directly upon the people. Constitutional division of power is established between the national government, which exercises authority over the whole national territory, and provincial governments that exercise independent authority.
In a federation, the classical horizontal division of powers to legislative, executive and judicial branch is complemented by a vertical division of powers between the Federation and the individual constituent states. Power-sharing means control of how power is used and protection against abuse of this power. The sub-division into smaller political units makes it easier to grasp and comprehend the actions taken by the state, thus fostering active participation and co-determination. In addition, voters can exercise the fundamental democratic
Federation is responsible for legislation in most spheres, administration is in essence handled by the federal states and responsibilities in the judicial sphere are closely intermeshed, involving both the Federation and the federal states. Nonetheless, the federal states also have significant legislative responsibilities, particularly for policies on culture and education, local government law and the police forces. Federation also has a fully-fledged administrative substructure in certain areas, for example for the foreign services, the armed forces and employment