Control Balance: Toward A General Theory Of Deviance By Charles R. Tittle

3. General history of policing
Police term can be traced back in the Greek word ‘politeia’. It means the affairs that affected the order and survival of the state. During the 17th century European states have used the word la police in French and die polizei in German. These words refer to the internal administration, safety, protection and surveillance of a territorial administration. In the beginning of 18th century the term came in England from France that was initially refers to the good government. There was broader range of duties in the pre modern era. It may be finding difficult in the definitional connotations in modern era where the role of police is fixed to the maintaining of law and order of the state. In the premodern era the
Tittle in his book, Control Balance: Toward a General Theory of Deviance (Tittle 1995, cited under Initial Statement of the Theory). This theory talks about the idea of control, that entails explanation which predict the degree to which can be implied to the individual behaviour by his acquaintances or surroundings. This theory also enlightens the readers about the extent to which an individual can deny and may replicate those control over others. This theory talks about the ration of controls which entails the experienced associated with control exercise. The control ration is seems to be the central aspect in explaining of deviance throughout the theory. This theory point out that any imbalance in control ratio is associated with the deviance because that affects the imbalance in motivation leads towards the deviant behaviour. Theory explains the control imbalance of two types. The first imbalance occurs when an exercised control exceeds the limit of required control. Another is when control surpluses , exceeds the control which have experience by the individual. This theory argued that the ‘control ratio ’ when reached to the balance then there are less likely chances of deviant behaviour. This theory is much in empirical approach. The theories in 2004 remove the typology of repressive and autonomous deviance. He has replaced the terms with a new idea of control balance desirability of deviance that entails how a deviant act is important for improving the control ration. Nonetheless there is much scope to test these aspects in modern days policing. It could be helpful to find various factors and variables which directly affect the deviant behaviour. Due to the limitation of my study i couldn’t take-up this task otherwise it would be more interesting to explore the idea of control