The most important reason for Corinth’s military significance were because 2 of the main railroads, the Charleston and Memphis railroad running east and west, while the Ohio and Mobile railroad ran north and south, but crossed downtown. Each of these two railroads were the most important in the confederacy perhaps because they reached almost about the whole height and breadth of the south.…
Lycurgus was an important figure throughout Sparta as he was responsible for setting up a large amount of the Spartan’s social and political institutions. In source A Herodotus shows just how effective Lycurgus was “Later he reorganised the army…by these changes Spartan Government was put upon a sound basis.” He was responsible for introducing laws and advice or prophecies received from a god through the medium ship of a priest or priestess. As Plutarch, on Sparta explains: “Lycurgus . . . brought an oracle about it from Delphi, Which they called a rhetra.” Therefore with the evidence provided, it is quite obvious that Lycurgus had significant importance to not only Spartan Society but also the government and the military. Through Plutarch it is evident that Lycurgus reformed the military quite significantly as he states “The Egyptians claim that Lycurgus visited them too, and that it was from the Egyptians that he got the idea of separating the military from the menial workers, thereby giving Spartan society its refinement and beauty.” Therefore, Lycurgus had travelled to research new militaristic tactics. According to Xenophon there was a Spartan Cavalry. It was not large enough to protect the hoplite infantry however it was often used for reconnaissance. (The ancient…
Cincinnatus was a Roman Hero. Cincinnatus lived from the early 6th century BCE into the late 5th century BCE. Cincinnatus was a consul and a Roman patrician. Cincinnatus had a son, named Caeso and he committed a crime. Caeso was put on trial, was found guilty and his punishment was death. Cincinnatus used his power and influence to make a deal with the government. Cincinnatus’ family would leave Rome for their son to be saved. Cincinnatus’ family lived in a farm for a couple years. In those years, nearby tribes called the Aequi and Volscians teamed up to attack Rome. The war lasted for about two years and it was very intense. Rome was losing this war and they wanted to appoint Cincinnatus as a temporary dictator. They sent a messenger to…
A Stoic is a person who is seemingly indifferent to or unaffected by joy, grief, pleasure, or pain. One who is not touched by the outside world seem to live inside themselves always thinking that today might be the last. Stoics detach themselves from things of this worlds including objects, people, and to a certain extent their own lives. In Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations and Epictetus’ Discourses they both explain how to properly be a stoic, learning to deny their feelings, respect themselves and nature, and detach themselves from the useless things of this world.…
In Coriolanus, Shakespeare to a full extent questions the value of the Roman warrior code and sees the difficulties that it causes. Firstly I discuss the warrior code that is valued and held in Rome. Secondly I analyze Coriolanus inability to infringe the warrior code entirely. Thirdly I explore the consequences this has on Roman society.…
Cassius’ first monologue was filled with techniques and appeals that helped Cassius convince Brutus to help him assassinate Caesar. In the first monologue, Cassius tells Brutus a story about a time that he saved Caesar from drowning in a river. When Cassius tells his story, he uses very specific word choice to portray himself as a hero and to make Caesar seem like he is weak and helpless. He is using the rhetoric ethos to promote his reputation in doing this and he is trying to convince Brutus that assassinating Caesar wouldn’t be very difficult. In lines 23-26, Cassius says, “Ay as Aeneas, our great ancestor, did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder the old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber did I the tired Caesar.” In this quote you can clearly see that Cassius is bragging about how amazing he is. He is comparing himself to a great legend and trying to make himself seem better than he really is. Making himself sound noble and brave is Cassius’ way of using ethos to his advantage. He is trying to convince Brutus to join him because working with strong men is a huge honor. In the same way, Cassius uses ethos to try to give Caesar the reputation of a fragile ruler who has more than he deserves. In lines 35-41 Cassius says, “I did hear him groan. Ay,…
There are many people in To Kill a Mockingbird that have significant influences of Scout and Jem's actions. The two that stood out boldly to me, however, were Atticus and Calpurnia. Atticus, being the children's father, tought his kids many moral lessons. Calpurnia acted as a mother to Jem and Scout. Throughout every chapter these two characters…
In Nine Greek Lives: The Rise and Fall of Athens, Plutarch presents the life of Alcibiades as a contrast between inspired military excellence and disappointing moral failure. Although he was a brilliant and accomplished military strategist, Alcibiades’ lack of moral fortitude, and his provocation of the Athenians into reckless action led to his downfall, and that of Athens. Although Alcibiades was a man of prodigious gifts who could have led Athens to military dominance, he gave in to base self-interest and lack of self-control that caused him to alienate his friends, waste his military genius, and die alone in exile.…
Brutus stabbed Caesar in the back, killing him; Brutus turned against Caesar a second time, helping to organize and lead the conspiracy that led to Caesars death.…
In the story, Antigone by Sophocles, the messenger is a sorrowful and truthful throughout the scene of Exodus.…
Tacitus states that from the moment Agrippina married Claudius “the country was transformed”, “her passion to acquire money was unbounded. She wanted it as a stepping stone to supremacy”. This marriage is also described as one dominated by the power and influence of Agrippina, “as soon as Agrippina moved into the palace she gained complete control over Claudius” (Dio Cassius) Agrippina is shown as a woman who hastily secured her means of dominance and privileges to elevate her power and status. Dio Cassius’ Roman History also notes Claudius’ feelings are “enslaved by Agrippina” and once the incestuous marriage had been legitimised by the Senate, Claudius arguing it was “beneficial for the state” (Suetonius), he married her without “a single day’s delay” (Dio Cassius) reinforcing Agrippina’s control and manipulation over Claudius. Agrippina was willing to do anything for Nero to become emperor, “let him kill me but let him rule” Tacitus. Modern historian Richard Bauman notes that this period shows Agrippina at the height of her career and influence in Rome, seen in Claudius’ eventual adoption of Nero in 50 and “a string of successes for Agrippina” (Bauman). According to Bauman, the adoption of Nero was one of numerous examples of Agrippina’s dominance…
Without any power, a society tends to become irrational, indecisive and flavorless. This ideal is portrayed in all scenes including plebeians, whether through direct or indirect characterization. The premiering scene portrayed Marullus and Flavius along the streets, scolding commoners for being hypocrites. “You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things!/O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome,/Knew you not Pompey?” (1.1.27-29) was proclaimed by Marullus, in protest of Caesars’ celebrations. This reveals that the common people of Rome are easily swayed, as they cheered for Caesar defeating his predecessor, after recently cheering for Pompey himself. An exquisite example of the citizens’ complacency comes from the Third Plebeian. He states,“The noble Brutus is ascended: silence” (3.2.14) but yet, after a short speech from Antony regarding the conspirators, he claims, “There’s not a nobler man in Rome than Antony”( 3.2.96). Furthermore, when attending to Caesar,“We are bless’d that Rome is rid of him”(3.2.48) stated the citizens, only to later say, “They were villains, murderers” (3.2.135) merely for doing the very “ridding” they praised! Complicity and irrationality are portrayed by the violent outburst, “Revenge!—About!—Seek!—Burn!/Fire!—Kill!—Slay! Let not a traitor live” (3.2.183-184) from the citizens, once Antony’s speech is…
The exposition of Julius Caesar, Shakespeare immediately presents the ideals that underpin the differing views of Caesar’s rising power through his two protagonists, Brutus and Cassius. Both characters posses different interpretations on Caesar’s reign on Rome, one being loyal to Rome and a love and respect for Caesar “I love him well” but the other being a spiteful and vitriolic towards a “feeble old tyrant.” This highlights the notion of Cassius’s selfish prejudice towards his own contentment, which is only shown behind closed doors. Brutus on the other hand is victim to Cassius’ vitriol and becomes the pawn as he is manipulated “poor Brutus, with himself at war,” Brutus is troubled emotionally, torn by his patriotism and his respect for Caesar, above all he has an undying love for Rome, “Brutus had rather be a villager than to repute himself a son of Rome.” It is this love for Rome that causes such internal turmoil for Brutus, through Shakespeare’s use of juxtaposition of characters, he is able to highlight to the audience, the lengths that man will go to in order to…
Book two of Herodotus’ The Histories contains his account of Egyptian culture, traditions and relations to Greek religion. In particular, passage eighty-six describes the practice of an ancient ritual that has fascinated people for millennia. In this passage, Herodotus describes the ancient Egyptian method for mummification. Being one of the earliest known records, this account of the mummification process immediately retains merit. This does not mean, however that the account is accurate. While some call Herodotus the “Father of History”, others call him the “Father of Lies”.1 This is most likely due inaccuracies found in his Histories and even in book 2.86. Several scholars in the past and present day have either supported his accounts or discredited them as while some passages have been proven correct, others are thought to be inaccurate or misleading. A lover of oral traditions, Herodotus wrote his Histories as if he were speaking them to his audience rather than simply stating his ‘facts’ another possible reason as to the scepticism with which his work is regarded. Though regardless of its flaws, the Histories remains one of the oldest historical accounts ever recorded and by that definition, if nothing else, it deserves consideration. Having lived during the fifth century BCE, Herodotus would have had first-hand experience with Egyptian culture. Book two is particularly interesting, not just because it is a glimpse into the Egyptian culture but also because of the way in which Herodotus relates Egyptian culture to Greek religion.…
Anagnorisis refers to a tragic recognition or insight which results in an increase in the tragic hero’s self-awareness and self-knowledge. After mistakenly trusting Antony, Brutus shows up with a completely different mentality in acts four through five. Antony’s very convincing speech turns the citizens of Rome against the conspirators. Once Brutus hears word that “Octavius and Mark Antony come down upon us with a mighty power” towards Philippi, he joins with Cassius for battle (IV.iii.166-167). Thus proving that Brutus disregards his noble status to the citizens as he fights against his own people. Likewise, Brutus even urges for Cassius and the troops to move towards Philippi as soon as possible, “We, at the height, are ready to decline./There is a tide in the affairs of men/Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune” (IV.iii.215-217). Earlier in the tragedy, Cassius similarly suggests to take advantage of others while Brutus opts for the more noble option. But instead of moving forward, Cassius rather wait, while we see Brutus gaining knowledge about seizing an opportunity to bombarde Antony’s troops. Completely separate from Brutus’ anagnorisis about battling, is his anagnorisis regarding Caesar’s assassination. Throughout the final two acts of The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar, this tragic hero recognizes that assassinating Caesar seems wrong. One example of Brutus’s…