Counselling: Self-concept and Work Place
INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING
QUESTION 9
Definition of counseling:
Counseling as a process: The counseling as a process is a continuous, cyclical model in which the counselor and client collaboratively set goals, formulate actions plans, and assess progress toward the goal(s). Throughout the process new information is integrated, the counselor-client relationship is developed, and progress toward counseling goals is reassessed. The counselor must develop an overall awareness of the entire counseling process across a number of interviews. In consultation with the supervisor, students will be asked to approach the model presented here by concentrating on particular points in the model during each semester, and relating these to the overall process. Counseling is a process in which clients learn how to make decisions and formulate new ways of behaving, feeling, and thinking. Counselors focus on the goals their clients wish to achieve. Clients explore their present levels of functioning and the changes that must be made to achieve personal objectives. Thus, counseling involves both choice and change, evolving through distinct stages such as exploration, goal setting, and action (Brammer, 1993; Egan, 1990 )
Counseling as exploration:
Counseling as exploration involves listening and prompting. A counselor will be supportive but give little or no direct advice, since the aim is to help the individual to develop insights into their own problems .The exploration involves the following stages with a client
1. Counselor structures the initial interview, helping the client to define problem(s), and develops initial hypotheses. This format is continued to some extent in each interview,
1. Counselor demonstrates care and strives to develop a trusting collaborative relationship with the client.
3. Counselor tests hypotheses; develops an interaction between problem definition and information elicited from client.
4.Counselor and client seek new information: includes
QUESTION 9
Definition of counseling:
Counseling as a process: The counseling as a process is a continuous, cyclical model in which the counselor and client collaboratively set goals, formulate actions plans, and assess progress toward the goal(s). Throughout the process new information is integrated, the counselor-client relationship is developed, and progress toward counseling goals is reassessed. The counselor must develop an overall awareness of the entire counseling process across a number of interviews. In consultation with the supervisor, students will be asked to approach the model presented here by concentrating on particular points in the model during each semester, and relating these to the overall process. Counseling is a process in which clients learn how to make decisions and formulate new ways of behaving, feeling, and thinking. Counselors focus on the goals their clients wish to achieve. Clients explore their present levels of functioning and the changes that must be made to achieve personal objectives. Thus, counseling involves both choice and change, evolving through distinct stages such as exploration, goal setting, and action (Brammer, 1993; Egan, 1990 )
Counseling as exploration:
Counseling as exploration involves listening and prompting. A counselor will be supportive but give little or no direct advice, since the aim is to help the individual to develop insights into their own problems .The exploration involves the following stages with a client
1. Counselor structures the initial interview, helping the client to define problem(s), and develops initial hypotheses. This format is continued to some extent in each interview,
1. Counselor demonstrates care and strives to develop a trusting collaborative relationship with the client.
3. Counselor tests hypotheses; develops an interaction between problem definition and information elicited from client.
4.Counselor and client seek new information: includes
References: Brandon, David (1982) The trick of being ordinary : notes for volunteers & students, London: Mind. British Association for Counseling and Psychotherapy (2002) Code of Ethics & Practice for Counselling Skills, Human Resource Development Press Culley, Sue and Bond, Tim (2004) Integrative Counseling Skills in Action 2e, London: Sage. Egan, Gerald (2002) The Skilled Helper – A problem-management and opportunity-development approach to helping 7e, Wadsworth. Ellerman, David (2001) Helping People Help Themselves: Towards a Theory of Autonomy-Compatible Help Geldard, Kathryn and Geldard, David (2004) Counseling Adolescents 2e, London: Sage. Higton, Julie (2004) From Counseling Skills to Counsellor: A Psychodynamic Approach, London: Palgrave. Nelson Jones, Richard (1999) Introduction to Counselling Skills, London: Sage. Perlman, H. H. (1979) Relationship. The heart of helping people, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Rogers, C. R. (1961) On Becoming a Person. A therapist’s view of psychotherapy, Boston: Houghton Mifflin (1967 – London: Constable). Rogers, Carl (1980) A Way of Being, Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Ross, Alistair (2003) Counselling Skills for Church and Faith Workers, Buckingham: Open University Press. Shulman, Lawrence (1979)The Skills of Helping Individuals and Groups. Itasca, Ill.: F. E. Peacock. Smith, Mark K. (2004) Nel Noddings, the ethics of care and education’, the encyclopedia of informal education Smith, Mark K Thorne, B. (1992) Carl Rogers, London: Sage. Young, Mark E. (1998) Learning the Art of Helping: Building blocks and techniques 3e. Upper Saddle River NJ.: Prentice Hall. Smith, Mark K. (2008) ‘Helping relationships’, the encyclopaedia of informal education.